Effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in people 60 years or older

Table 2 Characteristics of subjects by case-control status (88 matched sets) to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in preventing Invasive pneumococcal disease among Spanish people 60 years or older.

Characteristic	Cases (n = 88)	Controls^a (n = 176)	P-value^b
Age (yrs), mean (SD)	73.2 (10.8)	72.8 (10.2)	0.612
Sex male	54 (61.4)	108 (61.4)	1.000
Cancer	12 (13.6)	32 (18.2)	0.350
Chronic renal disease	15 (17.0)	25 (14.2)	0.865
Corticosteroid therapy	4 (4.5)	10 (5.7)	0.698
Chronic lung disease	19 (21.6)	44 (25.0)	0.540
Chronic liver disease	7 (8.0)	16 (9.1)	0.758
Chronic heart disease	31 (35.2)	46 (26.1)	0.126
Diabetes mellitus	21 (23.9)	51 (29)	0.379
Stroke	10 (11.4)	9 (5.1)	0.064
Alcoholism	5 (5.7)	8 (4.3)	0.687
Smoking	18 (20.5)	27 (15.3)	0.298
History of pneumococcal vaccination	34 (38.6)	104 (59.1)	0.002
History of influenza vaccination in autumn prior to the event	42 (48.3)	114 (64.8)	0.010

NOTE: Data are numbers (percentage) of subjects, unless otherwise indicated. SD, standard deviation.
^aCriteria for matching control subjects with case patients were extended in 9 sets for age (4-5 years in 3 sets, 6-7 years in 2 sets, and 8-10 years in 4 sets), and it was extended for nearest municipality or Primary Health Care Center in 14 sets.
^b P-values were calculated with the chi-squared test and Student's test, as appropriate.

ISSN: 1471-2334