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Table 1 Study characteristics

From: Canadian oncogenic human papillomavirus cervical infection prevalence: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Reference

Study population; year of data collection; province(s)

Sample size

Mean age (SD) or age range

Method of detection

#

cases‡

HPV types detected

Overall HPV prevalence

(any type)†

HR HPV prevalence

Methodological quality components

Peng

1988 [30]

Patients with abnormal pap smears

Dates NR

Ontario

200

NR

In-situ hybridization

28 (HR16, 18)

Specific HPV types probed§

NA

14%

(HR16, 18)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.N, 7.Y

Caussy

1990 [42]

Cases with cervical cancer, controls with CIN without cervical cancer

1960-1986

British Columbia

141

35.6 (24)

In-situ hybridization

31

HR-16, 18

22%

17.0%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.Y, 5.N, 6.N, 7.Y

Duggan

1990 [29]

Patients referred to colposcopy clinic

Dates NR

Alberta

119

NR

Dot blot hybridization

28 (HPV 16/18/33)

HR-16, 18, 33

LR-6, 11

NA

23.5%

(HPV 16/18/33)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.N, 7.U

Rohan

1991 [60]

University Students: Routine Screening

1990

Ontario

105

23 (median age)

PCR (E7/E6)

19

HR-16, 18, 33

LR-6, 11

12.3%

10.5%

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Guijon

1993 [47]

Patients referred to colposcopy clinic

1985-1990

Manitoba

409

25.7 (NR)

In-situ hybridization

280

HR-16, 18, 33

LR-6, 11

NA

68.5%

(HPV 16/18)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.N, 7.Y

Brisson

1994 [41]

Patients referred to colposcopy clinic

1988-1989

Quebec

1140

 

Southern Blot

28.2 (6.6)

HR-16, 18

LR-6, 11

NA

24.3% (HPV-16)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.N, 7.Y

Bosch

1995 [38]

Tumor biopsies of invasive cervical cancer

1989-1992

Province NR

46

NR

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

43

HR-16

93.5%

91.3%

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.N, 5.N, 6.Y, 7.Y

Duggan 1995 [43]*

[27, 68]

Cervical cancer tumour biopsies

1970-1990

Alberta

76

47.3 (16.7)

Dot blot supplemented by PCR

53

All

70.0%

65.8%

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA 4.Y, 5.N, 6.Y, 7.Y

Franco

1996 [46]

Cervical cancer tumour biopsies

1983-1990

Quebec

69

NR

PCR (GP5+/GP6+)

59

HR-16, 18, 31, 33, 35

LR-6, 11

85.5%

40.6%

(HPV 16/18)

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.N, 5.N, 6.Y, 7.Y

Young

1997 [62]

General Public (Low-income, inner-city area): Routine Screening

1992-1995

Manitoba

1263

73% less than 30 years

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

411

HR-16, 18, 31

LR-6, 11

32.5%

18.0%

(HPV 16/18)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Duggan 1997 [44]*

[67, 69, 70]

Cervical biopsies

NR

Alberta

525

28.0

PCR

249

HR-16, 18, 31, 33, 35

LR-6, 11

47.4%

28.0%

(HPV 16/18)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7. U

Michael

1999 [55]

University Students: Routine Screening

NR

Ontario

99

NR

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

40

HR-16, 18, 31, 33, 35

LR-6, 11

40.4%

10.1%

(HPV 16/18)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Hankins 1999 [49]* [63, 64, 66, 71]

HIV positive

1993-2000

Multiple provinces

375

32.5

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

252

HR-16, 18

67.2%

49.1%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Richardson 2000 [58]

University Students: Routine Screening

1992-1993

Quebec

375

18-24

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

85

HR- [11]

LR-6,11,53

22.7%

11.8%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.U

Sellors 2000a [31]*

[65, 74, 79]

General Public: Routine Screening

1998-1999

Ontario

955 (HC-II);

824 (PCR)

15-49

PCR (MY09/

MY11;

HC-II

110

HR- [11]

LR- [16]

13.3%

12.7%

(HC-II)

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Sellors 2000b [35]

Patients recalled after an Abnormal Pap on Routine Screening

1996-1997

Ontario

200

31.5 (9.4)

HC-II/PCR (L1)

125

HR- [13]

LR-6,11,42,53

62.5%

90.3% HSIL

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Ratnam 2000 [57]

General Public: Routine Screening

1996-1998

Newfoundland

2098

30 (NR)

HC-I/HC-II

227 (HR13)

HR- [13]

LR-6,11,42,53

NA

10.8%

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Feoli-Fonseca 2001 [45]*

[77]

Biopsies suspected of HPV

Dates NR

Quebec

691

26.1

PCR (MY09/

MY11/GP5+/GP6+)

484

HR- [13]

70.0%

92.0% (CIN III)

100% (carcinoma in situ)

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.Y, 5.N, 6.Y, 7.Y

Healey

2001 [50]*

[72, 73]

General Public (Inuit): Routine Screening

1999

Nunavut

1290

13-79

HC-II

333

HR- [13]

 

25.8%

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Tran-Thanh

2002 [61]*

[80]

Cases with SIL or invasive cancer and controls with normal cytology and no history of cervical disease

1998-2000

Quebec

320

16-73

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

206

HR- [13]

64.4%

 

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Sellors 2002 [32]

General Public: Routine Screening

1999-2000

Ontario

156

50 and over

HCII/PCR

13

HR- [13]

LR- [14]

NA

8.3%

(HC-II)

1.N, 2.Y, 3.N, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.U

Richardson

2003 [59]*

[81]

University Students: Routine Screening

1996-1998

Quebec

621

83% under age 27 years; mean age 23 (NR)

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

180

HR- [13]

29%

21.8%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.U, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Lytwyn

2003 [75]*

[53]

Patients recalled after an Abnormal Pap: ASCUS or LSIL only

1995-1998

Ontario

105

30.3 (8.1)

HC-II

57 (HR13)

HR- [13]

LR- [14]

NA

54.3%

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Koushik

2005 [52]*

[76, 78]

General Public: Cases with CIN from colposcopy clinics, controls with normal pap from screening.

2001-2003

Quebec

357 cases,

760 controls

32.0 (9.1) Cases,

31.7 (10.0) Controls

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

579

HR- [13]

51.8%

41.8%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Mayrand

2006 [54]

General Public: Routine Screening

2002-2004

Quebec, Newfoundland

9620

NR

HCII

591

HR- [13]

LR- [24]

NA

6.1%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Ogilvie

2007 [56]

Sex trade workers or women with a history of alcohol or drug abuse

2004-2005

British Columbia

151

39.0

HC-II

43 (HC13)

HR- [13]

NA

28.5%

1.N, 2.Y, 3.Y, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Kapala 2007 [51]

General Public: Routine Screening

Date NR

Ontario

320

73% age 30 or greater

HC-II

92 (HR13)

HR- [13]

NA

28.8%

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.U

Antionishyn 2008 [40]

Cervical biopsies

1995-1998

Saskatchewan

1355

NR

PCR (GP5+/GP6+)

753

HR- [13]

55.6%

56.8% CIN III (16 and 18)

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.N, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Hamlin-Douglas 2008 [48]

General Public (Inuit): Routine Screening

2002-2007

Quebec

554

35.5 (14.4)

PCR (MY09/

MY11)

160

All

28.9%

20.4%

1.Y, 2.Y, 3.N, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.Y

Moore

2009 [39]

Population-based estimates weighted by cytology

2004

British Columbia

4821

13-86

PCR (GP5+/GP6+)

810

All

16.8%

13.9%

1.NA, 2.Y, 3.NA, 4.Y, 5.Y, 6.Y, 7.N

  1. Notes: * major publication and other references are companion reports, ‡ number of women positive for human papillomavirus, † calculated by using the "number of cases" value as the numerator and the "sample size" as the denominator, expressed as a percent. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, NR not reported, HC hybrid capture, PCR polymerase chain reaction.