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Table 1 Model assumptions on pneumococcal disease and vaccination effects

From: Impact of routine PCV7 (Prevenar) vaccination of infants on the clinical and economic burden of pneumococcal disease in Malaysia

Parameter

Value

Source

Population distribution

  

Birth cohort

550,000

[25, 26]

20-39 years age group

8,770,937

[25, 26]

40-64 years group

5,536,238

[25, 26]

≥ 65 years group

1,051,371

[25, 26]

Life expectancy at birth (years)

74.2

[30]

PCV7 vaccine coverage

495,000

90% of birth cohort [12]

PCV7 vaccine compliance

100%

 

Pneumococcal disease incidence

  

S. pneumonia isolated

100%

 

Unspecified meningitis and bacteraemia

36%

[24]

All cause pneumonia

30%

[23]

Paediatric fatality rate

  

Meningitis

0.2

[31]

Bacteraemia

0.1

[31]

All cause pneumonia

0%

[31]

Otitis media

0%

[31]

Adult fatality rate

  

Meningitis

9.0%

[32]

Bacteraemia

4.6%

[32]

All cause pneumonia

0.17%

[32]

Otitis media

0%

[32]

PCV7 serotype coverage

66.7%

[28]

PCV7 efficacy in infants

  

Pneumococcal meningitis

97.4%

[27]

Pneumococcal bacteraemia

97.4%

[27]

All cause pneumonia

6%

[27]

Otitis media

7%

[27]

PCV7 efficacy decline over time (efficacy waning)

  

≤ 5 years post-vaccination

1% p.a.

[22]

6-10 years post-vaccination

3% p.a.

[22]

Reduction on IPD in adults (herd effects)

  

20-39 years group

32%

[29]

40-64 years group

8%

[29]

≥ 65 years group

18%

[29]