Invasive fungal sinusitis in patients with hematological malignancy: 15 years experience in a single university hospital in Taiwan

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of patients with invasive fungal sinusitis.

		Sinusitis			EORTC/MSG-NIAID IFS
	Total (n = 110)	IFS (n = 46)	Non-IFS (n = 64)	P	Proven (n = 25)	Probable (n = 5)	Possible (n = 16)	Non-IFS (n = 64)	P
Age
< 60 years	86	34	52	0.48	19	5	10	52	0.25
≥ 60 years	24	12	12		6	0	6	12
Gender
Male	66	27	39	0.85	15	3	9	39	0.99
Female	44	19	25		10	2	7	25
Hematological diagnosis				< 0.001					0.004
Acute myeloid leukemia	56	33	23		16	4	13	23
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia	16	6	10		6	0	0	10
Lymphoma/myeloma	20	0	20		0	0	0	20
SAA/MDS	9	4	5		2	0	2	5
Others*	9	3	6		1	1	1	6
Disease status				0.24					0.38
Fresh diagnosis/remission	44	15	29		10	1	4	29
Refractory/relapsed	66	31	35		15	4	12	35
Underlying diabetes mellitus				0.45					0.68
Yes	7	4	3		2	1	1	3
No	103	42	61		22	5	15	61
Chemotherapy intensity**				0.21					0.045
Supportive treatment	34	11	23		3	4	4	23
Low dose chemotherapy	13	8	5		3	1	4	5
Standard dose chemotherapy	47	22	25		16	0	6	25
High dose chemotherapy	16	5	11		3	0	2	11
Absolute neutrophil count				< 0.001					< 0.001
< 500 mm³ < 10 days	55	7	48		2	1	4	48
< 500 mm³ ≥ 10 days	55	39	16		23	4	12	16
Allogeneic transplantation				0.07					0.013
Yes	24	6	18		2	3	1	18
No	86	40	46		23	2	15	46
FESS debridement				0.001					< 0.001
Yes	18	14	4		12	0	2	4
No	92	36	56		20	1	15	56
Pre-emptive antifungal agent				< 0.001					< 0.001
Amphotericin B/ambisome		28	12		14	4	10	12
Caspofungin		0	1		0	0	0	1
Voriconazole		2	0		2	0	0	0
Amphotericin B and caspofungin		4	0		3	0	1	0
Amphotericin B and voriconazole		9	1		6	0	3	1
Outcome (6 weeks survival)				0.001					0.001
Death	27	19	8		7	3	9 1110	8
Alive	83	27	56		18	2	7	56

Abbreviation: IFS, invasive fungal sinusitis; SAA, severe aplastic anemia; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome, FESS: functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
*Others including: chronic myeloid leukemia (2), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (3), T-large granular lymphocyte leukemia (1), myelofibrosis (2), pure red cell aplasia status post transplantation (1)
**High dose chemotherapy includes high dose cytarabine chemotherapy and conditioning therapy before myeloablative transplantation.

ISSN: 1471-2334