Weight and height z-scores improve after initiating ART among HIV-infected children in rural Zambia: a cohort study

Table 2 Results of the longitudinal data analysis for WAZ and HAZ after ART initiation

	Weight for age z-scores ^a		Height for age z-scores
	Coefficient (SE)	p-value/p-value interaction	Coefficient (SE)	p-value/p-value interaction
*Crude model*
Time (per month) on ART			0.053 (0.012)	<0.0001
0-6 months	0.12 (0.02)	<0.0001
>6 months	-0.003 (0.012)	0.81
*Adjusted model*
Time (per month) on ART			0.10 (0.01)	<0.0001
0-6 months	0.12 (0.02)	<0.0001
>6 months	0.003 (0.01)	0.72
Female	0.48 (0.21)	0.02	0.60 (0.29)	0.04
Severe immunodeficiency^{b, c}	-0.35 (0.21)	0.09	-0.55 (0.29)	0.06
Age (years)^c
0-1.9	ref		ref
2-4.9	-0.55 (0.26)	0.04	0.49 (0.41)	0.23
≥5	-0.52 (0.27)	0.05	1.16 (0.36)	0.001
Double orphan^c	-0.70 (0.29)	0.02
Underweight^c			-1.68 (0.31)	<0.0001
*Stratified by WAZ at ART initiation* ^d:
WAZ ≥-2 (ref)
0-6 months (per month)	0.04 (0.02)	0.08
>6 months (per month)	0.04 (0.01)	0.005
WAZ <-2 (underweight)
0-6 months (per month)	0.19 (0.03)	<0.0001/<0.0001
>6 months (per month)	-0.01 (0.01)	0.21/0.003
*Stratified by age (years) at ART initiation* ^d:
0-1.9 (ref): time (per month)			0.15 (0.025)	<0.0001
2-4.9: time (per month)			0.11 (0.020)	<0.0001/0.18
≥5: time (per month)			0.049 (0.014)	<0.0001/<0.0001

WAZ: weight for age z-score; HAZ: height for age z-score; SE: standard error; ART: antiretroviral treatment
^aamong children < 10 years of age
^bdefined by age according to WHO 2006 guidelines
^cmeasured at ART initiation
^dWAZ model adjusted for sex, double orphan status, severe immunodeficiency and age at ART initiation; HAZ model adjusted for sex, severe immunodeficiency and underweight at ART initiation

ISSN: 1471-2334