Enteric pathogen | Persistent diarrhoea | Persistent abdominal pain | Blood in the stool |
---|---|---|---|
Bacteria | |||
Aeromonas spp. | + | – | – |
Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli | + | + | + |
Clostridium difficile | + | + | + |
Escherichia coli | Â | Â | Â |
 Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) | + | + | + |
 Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) | + | + | – |
 Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) | + | + | + |
 Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli  (STEC/EHEC) | + | + | + |
 Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) | + | + | – |
 Diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) | + | – | – |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria | + | + | + |
Plesiomonas shigelloides | + | – | – |
Salmonella enterica (typhoidal and non-typhoidal serovars) | + | + | + |
Shigella spp. | + | + | + |
Tropheryma whipplei | + | – | – |
Vibrio spp. | + | – | – |
Yersinia enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis | + | – | – |
Intestinal protozoa | Â | Â | Â |
Balantidium coli | + | + | + |
Blastocystis hominis a | (+) | (+) | – |
Cryptosporidium spp. | + | + | – |
Cyclospora cayetanensis | + | – | – |
Dientamoeba fragilis a | + | + | – |
Entamoeba histolytica | + | + | + |
Giardia intestinalis (syn.: G. lamblia and G. duodenalis) | + | + | – |
Isospora belli (syn.: Cystoisospora belli) | + | (+) | – |
Species of microsporidia | + | + | – |
Helminths | Â | Â | Â |
Cestodes | Â | Â | Â |
 Diphyllobothrium latum | + | + | – |
 Hymenolepis spp. | + | – | – |
 Taenia spp. | + | + | – |
Nematodes | Â | Â | Â |
 Ascaris lumbricoides | + | + | – |
 Capillaria philippinensis | + | + | – |
 Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) | + | + | – |
 Strongyloides stercoralis | + | + | (+) |
 Trichuris trichiura | + | + | – |
Trematodes | Â | Â | Â |
 Intestinal flukes | + | + | – |
 Intestinal blood flukes: Schistosoma mansoni, S. intercalatum, S. japonicum, S. mekongi | + | + | + |
Viruses | Â | Â | Â |
Adenovirus | + | – | – |
Astrovirus | (+) | – | – |
Bocavirus | (+) | – | – |
Coronavirus | (+) | – | – |
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) | + | + | + |
Enterovirus | + | – | – |
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1/2) | + | + | – |
Norovirus | + | – | – |
Parechovirus | (+) | – | – |
Rotavirus | + | + | – |
Sapovirus | (+) | – | – |