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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with HZ infection

From: Incidence and risk factors of herpes zoster among hiv-positive patients in the german competence network for HIV/AIDS (KompNet): a cohort study analysis

Variable

Hazard ratios(95%CI)in univariate1models

P-value

Hazard ratios(95%CI)in one multivariate model

P-value

Male (versus female) 2

0.952 (0.703, 1.290)

0.752

0.949 (0.697, 1.291)

0.739

Age (1 year change)

1.002 (0.991, 1.013)

0.728

1.002 (0.991, 1.013)

0.758

MSM (versus no MSM)

1.145 (0.905, 1.448)

0.260

(Not included)

 

ART naïve, time on ART:

  

(Not included)

 

  ART-experienced

0.640 (0.455, 0.902)

0.011*

  

  ART-naivety uncertain

0.926 (0.640, 1.339)

0.682

  

  Time on ART

0.990 (0.897, 1.093)

0.841

  

  (1 year change)

    

  No ART (reference)

1.000

  

ART naïve, time on ART classified:

  

(Not included)

 

  ART-naivety uncertain

0.940 (0.650-1.360)

0.743

  

  ART-experienced < 1year

0.901 (0.631-1.287)

0.567

  

  Time on ART 1-<2 years

0.488 (0.303-0.786)

0.003*

  

  Time on ART 2-<3 years

0.379 (0.219-0.655)

0.001*

  

  Time on ART 3-<4 years

0.469 (0.265-0.828)

0.009*

  

  Time on ART > 4- years

0.635 (0.364-1.108)

0.110

  

  No ART (reference)

1.000

  

ART regimen, specific

 

  NNRTI-regimen

0.557 (0.396, 0.783)

0.001*

0.530 (0.375, 0.748)

<0.001*

  PI-regimen

0.703 (0.512, 0.965)

0.029*

0.624 (0.451, 0.862)

0.004*

  Regimen with other

0.717 (0.469, 1.095)

0.123

0.729 (0.469, 1.131)

0.158

  Drugs/combinations

 

  Treatment interruption

1.153 (0.716, 1.859)

0.558

1.108 (0.686, 1.789)

0.675

  No ART (reference)

1.000

1.000

CD4-rise (of 100 cells/μl)

0.939 (0.898, 0.983)

0.006*

0.918 (0.875, 0.963)

0.001*

Immunosuppressive medication (yes versus no)

1.733 (1.060, 2.832)

0.028*

1.510 (0.921, 2.477)

0.103

Retrospective documentation (yes versus no)

0.575 (0.452, 0.730)

<0.001*

0.582 (0.455, 0.745)

<0.001*

  1. Abbreviations: ART: anti-retroviral therapy; NNRTI: non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor; PI: protease inhibitor; HZ: Herpes zoster; MSM: men who have sex with men.
  2. 1 For classified variables hazard ratios for each class were estimated in these “univariate” models; 2 two patients with missing gender were excluded from the models including male as independent variable. No other patients were excluded from the model estimations; * HR differed significantly (p<0.05) from 1 (corresponding to reference for classified variables).