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Table 3 Univariate analysis and logistic regression for health care system delay

From: Delayed diagnosis and associated factors among new pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed at the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Porto Alegre, South Brazil: a prospective patient recruitment study

Characteristics

Group 1 (≥18 days)

Group 2 (<18 days)

 

Univariate analysis

  

Logistic regression

 
   

OR

95% CI

p

Adjusted OR

95% CI

p

Age, years (mean ± SD)

43.8 ± 15.83

41.28 ± 15.57

0.99

0.97-1.01

0.321

0.98

0.96-1.01

0.081

Male sex, n (%)

47 (60.3)

43 (57.1)

1.06

0.77-1.76

0.839

1.16

0.53-2.4

0.720

White race, n (%)

48 (61.5)

40 (53.3)

1.18

0.85-1.64

0.388

   

Current or former smoker

50 (34.1)

48 (64.0)

1.01

0.72-1.38

    

Alcoholism, n (%)

31 (39.7)

22 (29.3)

1.24

0.92-1.69

0.324

   

Drug use, n (%)

26 (33.3)

24 (32.0)

1.03

0.74-1.43

0.997

   

Marijuana use, n (%)

16 (20.5)

13 (17.3)

1.10

0.76-1.60

0.768

   

Cocaine use, n (%)

17 (21.8)

10 (13.3)

1.30

0.93-1.83

0.246

   

Crack use, n (%)

18 (23.1)

17 (22.7)

1.01

0,70-1.46

0.999

   

Symptoms, n (%) Cough

66 (84.6)

67 (89.3)

0.83

0.56-1.23

0.532

   

Sputum production

43 (55.1)

55 (73.3)

0.69

0.51-0.93

0.029

0.45

0.20-1.01

0.052

Hemoptysis

12 (15.4)

13 (17.3)

0.93

0.60-1.45

0.555

   

Fever

63 (80.8)

62 (82.7)

0.94

0.64-1.38

0.925

   

Weight loss

65 (83.3)

52 (69.3)

1.54

0.97-2.45

0.064

2.76

1.14-6.71

0.025

Dyspnea

49 (62.8)

46 (61.3)

1.03

0.75-1.43

0.982

   

Night sweats

58 (74.4)

44 (58.7)

1.45

0.99-2.12

0.059

1.74

0.77-3.93

0.184

Chest pain

36 (46.2)

34 (45.3)

1.01

0.74-1.39

0.999

   

Fatigue

29 (37.2)

23 (30.7)

1.18

0.86-1.61

0.408

   

Had consultation at the first health service sought, n (%)

72 (92.3)

74 (98.7)

0.58

0.41-0.81

0.135

   

Chest x-ray performed, n (%)

65 (90.3)

69 (93.2)

0.94

0.69-1.28

0.202

   

Previous TB, n (%)

7 (9.0)

17 (22.7)

0.53

0.28-1.01

0.035

0.50

0.15-1.66

0.256

Completed treatment, n (%)

4 (57.1)

10 (58.8)

0.95

0.27-3.35

0.999

   

HIV positive, n (%)

42 (60.9)

35 (61.4)

0.99

0.72-1.37

0.999

   

Radiographic pattern, n (%)

        

Cavitation

12 (15.6)

22 (29.3)

0.64

0.40-1.04

0.066

0.45

0.19-1.08

0.074

Pleural effusion

4 (5.1)

2 (2.7)

1.32

0.74-2.39

0.682

   

Milliary pattern

11 (14.1)

3 (4.0)

  

0.059

5.33

1.15-24.56

0.032

Consolidation

41 (52.6)

40 (53.3)

  

0.999

   

Fibrotic changes

2 (2.6)

13 (17.3)

  

0.005

0.12

0.02- 0.64

0.013

Reticular infiltrates

28 (35.9)

21 (28.0)

  

0.382

   

Forms of TB

        

Pulmonary TB

75 (96.2)

74 (98.7)

  

0.620

   

Pleuropulmonary TB

3 (3.8)

1 (1.3)

  

0.640

   

Pulmonary + milliary TB

12 (15.4)

7 (9.3)

  

0.374

   
  1. TB = Tuberculosis; SD = Standard deviation, n = Number of cases, HIV = Human immunodeficiency virus, OR = Odds ratio, 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.