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Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy of urine LAM and/or sputum smear microscopy (AFB) testing for culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis

From: Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care urine test for tuberculosis screening among newly-diagnosed hiv-infected adults: a prospective, clinic-based study

 

Sensitivity

Specificity

LR Positive

LR Negative

Positive PV

Negative PV

 

N

% (95% CI)

N

% (95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

Urine LAM alone

 All participants

17/60

28.3 (17.5-41.4)

254/282

90.1 (86.0-93.3)

2.85 (1.67-4.87)

0.80 (0.68-0.94)

37.8 (23.8-53.5)

85.5 (81.0-89.3)

  CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3

5/20

25.0 (9.0-49.0)

153/167

91.6 (86.3-95.3)

2.98 (1.20-7.41)

0.82 (0.63-1.06)

26.3 (9.0-51.2)

91.1 (85.7-94.9)

  CD4 < 100 cells/mm3

12/32

37.5 (21.1-56.3)

53/61

86.9 (75.8-94.2)

2.86 (1.30-6.27)

0.72 (0.54-0.96)

60.0 (36.1-80.9)

72.6 (60.9-82.4)

Sputum AFB alone

 All participants

11/60

18.3 (9.5-30.4)

269/282

95.4 (92.3-97.5)

3.98 (1.87-8.44)

0.86 (0.76-0.97)

45.8 (25.6-67.2)

85.6 (80.2-88.4)

  CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3

4/20

20.0 (5.7-43.7)

158/167

94.6 (90.0-97.5)

3.68 (1.25-10.89)

0.85 (0.68-1.06)

30.8 (9.0-61.4)

90.8 (85.4-94.6)

  CD4 < 100 cells/mm3

4/32

12.5 (3.5-29.0)

60/61

98.4 (91.2-99.9)

7.63 (0.89-65.40)

0.89 (0.78-1.02)

80.0 (28.4-99.5)

68.2 (57.4-77.7)

Urine LAM or sputum AFB*

 All participants

23/60

38.3 (26.0-51.8)

242/282

85.8 (81.1-89.7)

2.70 (1.76-4.16)

0.72 (0.59-0.88)

36.5 (24.7-49.6)

86.7 (82.2-90.5)

  CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3

7/20

35.0 (15.4-59.2)

145/167

86.8 (80.6-91.5)

2.64 (1.29-5.39)

0.75 (0.54-1.04)

24.1 (10.3-43.5)

91.7 (86.3-95.5)

  CD4 < 100 cells/mm3

13/32

40.6 (23.7-59.4)

52/61

85.3 (73.8-93.0)

2.75 (1.32-5.74)

0.70 (0.51-0.94)

59.1 (36.4-79.3)

73.2 (61.4-83.1)

  1. *Test considered positive if either Urine LAM or sputum AFB were positive.
  2. LR = likelihood ratio; PV = predictive value; CI = confidence interval.