Table 1 Patient characteristics based on recovery status of acute kidney injury (AKI)
From: Acute kidney injury due to anti-tuberculosis drugs: a five-year experience in an aging population
Variable | Overall (n = 99) | AKI-recovered (n = 71) | AKI-unrecovered (n = 26) | Loss of follow-up (n = 2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 70 (71) | 51 (72) | 18 (69) | 1 (50) |
Age ≥65 | 59 (60) | 42 (59) | 16 (62) | 1 (50) |
Smoking | 48 (49) | 37 (52) | 10 (38) | 1 (50) |
Alcoholism | 16 (16) | 13 (18) | 2 (8) | 1 (50) |
Malnutrition | 39 (39) | 24 (34) | 14 (54) | 1 (50) |
Old TB history | 3 (3) | 2 (3) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) |
Re-treatment of TB* | 11 (11) | 9 (13) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
Co-morbidity | ||||
CKD | 30 (30) | 21 (30) | 9 (35) | 0 (0) |
DM | 25 (25) | 15 (21) | 10 (38) | 0 (0) |
Malignancy | 25 (25) | 19 (27) | 5 (19) | 1 (50) |
Gout | 15 (15) | 10 (14) | 5 (19) | 0 (0) |
Autoimmune disease | 6 (6) | 4 (6) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
HIV | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Sputum mycobacterial study | ||||
AFB-positive | 29 (29) | 22 (31) | 6 (23) | 1 (50) |
Culture-positive | 79 (80) | 56 (79) | 21 (81) | 2 (100) |
Presentations of AKI | ||||
Rash | 21 (21) | 18 (25) | 3 (12) | 0 (0) |
Gastro-intestinal upset | 17 (17) | 14 (20) | 3 (12) | 0 (0) |
Fever | 6 (6) | 5 (7) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0) |
Arthralgia | 4 (4) | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
AKI stage | ||||
Stage 1 | 83 (84) | 63 (89) | 19 (73) | 1 (50) |
Stage 2 | 10 (10) | 6 (8) | 3 (12) | 1 (50) |
Stage 3 | 6 (6) | 2 (6) | 4 (15) | 0 (0) |
Onset of AKI after ATT (days) | 44 [20–102] | 40 [15–104] | 50 [27–91] | 73 [44–102] |
Management after AKI | ||||
Hold rifampin | 34 (34) | 22 (31) | 10 (38) | 2 (100) |
Hold pyrazinamide# | 35 (51) | 24 (28) | 11 (42) | 0 (0) |
Re-challenge rifampin | 21 (21) | 14 (20) | 7 (27) | NA |