High colonization rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coliin Swiss Travellers to South Asia– a prospective observational multicentre cohort study looking at epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors

Table 4 Prospective studies on travel-associated colonization with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae – rates and risk factors

	Travellers (n) overall	Colonization rate (%) overall	Travellers (n) India/Indian subcontinent	Colonization rate (%) India/Indian subcontinent	Risk factors*
Current study	170	69.4	68	86.8	Travel Destination
					Length of Stay
					Visiting Friends and Relatives
					Consumption of Ice Cream & Pastry
Tängden et al. [8]	100	24.0	8	88.0	Travelling to India
Tängden et al. [8]	100	24.0	8	88.0	Gastroenteritis during Trip
Kennedy et al. [9]^a	102	21.6	14	57.1	Gastroenteritis during Trip
Kennedy et al. [9]^a	102	21.6	14	57.1	Antibiotics while Travelling
Weisenberg et al. [10]	28	25.0	7^b	28.6	not done
Paltansing et al. [11]	370	30.5	25^c	73.0^c	Travelling to South and East Asia
Östholm-Balkhed et al. [12]	226	30.0	14	71.4	Travelling to Indian subcontinent, Asia, Africa north of equator
					Age
					Gastroenteritis during Trip

*Risk factors for becoming colonized for all the countries included in the respective study.
^arisk factor for colonization with E. coli resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and/or third-generation cephalosporins.
^bSouth Asia (not specified).
^cSouth Asia: Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka.

ISSN: 1471-2334