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Table 1 Characteristics of patients with CAP and HCAP

From: Validation of sputum Gram stain for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and healthcare-associated pneumonia: a prospective observational study

 

All patients

CAP

HCAP

n = 670

n = 328

n = 342

Patient background

   

Age, median (IQR)

77 (65–80)

75 (59–83)

80 (72–87)

Male, n (%)

430 (64.2)

212 (64.6)

218 (63.7)

Comorbid conditions, n (%)

635 (94.8)

296 (90.2)

339 (99.1)

Previous antibiotics treatment, n (%)

97 (14.5)

34 (10.4)

63 (18.4)

Immunosuppressed, n (%)

40 (6.0)

19 (5.8)

21 (6.1)

Suspected aspiration, n (%)

246 (36.7)

50 (15.2)

196 (57.3)

Severity scores

   

  PSI score, median (IQR)

110 (89–140)

96 (73–120)

125 (104–153)

  PSI class, median (IQR)

4 (3–5)

4 (3–4)

4 (4–5)

Clinical outcomes

   

Initial treatment failure, n (%)

78 (11.6)

28 (8.5)

50 (14.6)

Antibiotics adverse effect, n (%)

40 (6.0)

19 (5.8)

21 (6.1)

ICU admission, n (%)

81 (12.1)

41 (12.5)

40 (11.7)

Length of antibiotic treatment, median (IQR)

8 (6–11)

7 (6–10)

9 (7–13)

Length of hospital stay, median (IQR)

11 (8–19)

9 (7–16)

12 (9–22)

In-hospital mortality, n (%)

59 (8.8)

19 (5.8)

30 (8.8)

Pathogen identified, n (%)

417 (62.2)

206 (62.8)

211 (61.7)

Streptococcus pneumoniae, n (%)

139 (20.7)

76 (23.2)

63 (18.4)

Haemophilus influenzae, n (%)

122 (18.2)

61 (18.6)

61 (17.8)

Moraxella catarrhalis, n (%)

41 (6.1)

20 (6.1)

21 (6.1)

Klebsiella pneumoniae, n (%)

43 (6.4)

11 (3.4)

32 (9.4)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, n (%)

29 (4.3)

12 (3.7)

17 (5.0)

Staphylococcus aureus, n (%)

11 (1.6)

2 (0.6)

9 (2.6)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, n (%)

10 (1.5)

9 (2.7)

1 (0.3)

Chlamydophila pneumoniae, n (%)

8 (1.2)

7 (1.0)

1 (0.3)

Legionella pneumophila, n (%)

2 (0.3)

0

2 (0.6)