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Table 1 Age-specific average annual frequency and notification rates of IDs in Norway in 2007 to 2011

From: What are the most important infectious diseases among those ≥65 years: a comprehensive analysis on notifiable diseases, Norway, 1993–2011

Notifiable infectious disease*

Average annual frequency

Average annual notification rate (range)/100,000 inhabitants

NRR 7(range)

 

Total

≥65 years

Total

<5 years

5-19 years

20-64 years

≥65 years

65+/20-64

Overall

15870

1792

332 (307–362)

330 (285–407)

330 (276–399)

351 (312–411)

253 (236–280)

0.7 (0.6-0.9)

   Invasive bacterial diseases (IBD)

        

Pneumococcal IBD

818

411

17.1 (14.9-20.4)

13.0 (9.1-19.7)

2.3 (1.2-3.1)

12.1 (10.1-14.9)

58.1 (51.6-66.4)

4.8 (4.4-5.1)

Group B Streptococcal IBD

178

78

3.7 (3.4 -3.9)

14.1 (12.3-15.9)

0.2 (0.0-0.4)

2.0 (1.8-2.2)

11.0 (9.8-12.5)

5.6 (4.5-7.6)

Group A Streptococcal IBD

163

68

3.4 (2.8-3.6)

2.6 (1.0)

0.7 (0.4-0.9)

2.8 (2.1-3.2)

9.5 (8.8-10.7)

3.4 (2.7-4.5)

Haemophilus influenzae IBD

81

40

1.7 (1.5-1.8)

2.2 (1.4-3.4)

0.4 (0.2-0.5)

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

5.7 (4.4-7.0)

5.6 (3.5-8.9)

Meningococcal IBD

37

5.8

0.8 (0.6-0.9)

3.2 (2.3-4.1)

1.3 (0.9-2.0)

0.3 (0.3-0.4)

0.8 (0.3-1.1)

2.4 (1.0-3.6)

   Food- and waterborne diseases 1

        

Campylobacteriosis

2839

217

59.2 (55.0-60.9)

62.4 (47.7-77.7)

36.2 (31.1-41.6)

73.4 (70.5-75.6)

30.5 (25.1-38.3)

0.4 (0.4-0.5)

Salmonellosis

1485

125

31.0 (26.0-40.8)

48.2 (36.9-56.9)

22.4 (18.1-30.0)

35.3 (28.0-47.5)

17.6 (12.3-21.8)

0.5 (0.4-0.7)

Listeriosis

31

20

0.7 (0.4-1.0)

0.3 (0.0-0.7)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.4 (0.1-0.7)

2.8 (2.3-4.2)

15.6 (3.8-37.5)

Enteropathogenic E. coli-enteritis 2

272

9.2

5.6 (2.3-9.3)

61.1 (15.2-115.9)

2.2 (0.8-3.2)

2.0 (1.8-2.2)

1.3 (0.4-2.2)

0.6 (0.2-1.0)

Giardiasis

192

9.0

4.0 (3.6-5.0)

7.9 (4.8-10.1)

3.4 (2.8-3.7)

4.5 (3.9-5.8)

1.3 (0.8-1.9)

0.3 (0.2-0.3)

Shigellosis

144

6.4

3.0 (2.7-3.3)

3.7 (1.9-5.5)

1.8 (1.4-2.4)

3.8 (3.3-4.7)

0.90 (0.3-1.4)

0.2 (0.1-0.4)

Paratyphoid fever

16

1.0

0.3 (0.2-0.4)

0.3 (0.0-0.7)

0.3 (0.0-0.9)

0.4 (0.2-0.5)

0.1 (0.0-0.4)

0.4 (0.0-1.1)

Yersiniosis

59

2.8

1.2 (1.1-1.5)

3.4 (2.2-4.4)

1.0 (0.7-1.3)

1.3 (1.0-1.7)

0.4 (0.0-0.7)

0.3 (0. 0–0.6)

Typhoid fever

17

0.2

0.4 (0.2-0.6)

0.6 (0.3-1.7)

0.5 (0.4-0.5)

0.4 (0.2-0.7)

0.0 (0.0-0.1)

0.0 (0.0-0.2)

   Vaccine preventable diseases

        

Pertussis

4328

383

90.4 (66.3-115.5)

56.3 (42.8-63.8)

211.5 (162.0-277.6)

63.4 (44.0-82.1)

54.2 (34.8-70.4)

0.9 (0.7-1.0)

Mumps 3

16

1.4

0.3 (0.2-0.5)

0.1 (0.0-0.6)

0.3 (0.1-1.0)

0.4 (0.3-0.5)

0.2 (0.1-0.3)

0.6 (0.3-1.0)

Tetanus

1.0

1.0

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.1 (0.0-0.3)

∞ (∞)

   Antibiotic-resistant bacteria

        

MRSA infection 3, 4

420

92

8.7 (7.3-11.4)

11.0 (8.8-13.3)

6.5 (5.1-9.4)

8.2 (6.6-11.4)

13 (11.4-16.1)

1.6 (1.2-2.1)

MRSA carriage 3, 4

384

82

8.0 (5.6-9.9)

16.3 (8.6-21.4)

4.6 (1.5-6.6)

7.3 (4.9-9.2)

12.2 (10.6-14.8)

1.7 (1.2-2.7)

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci 3

51

33

1.0 (0.1-4.3)

0.1 (0.1-0.3)

0.1 (0.0-0.4)

0.6 (0.1-2.3)

4.5 (0.6-19.4)

6.5 (4.0-8.6)

Penicillin-resistant pneumococci 3

11

1.4

0.2 (0.0-0.5)

1.1 (0.0-3.5)

0.1 (0.0-0.2)

0.2 (0.0-0.4)

0.2 (0.1-0.3)

1.7 (0.4-4.0)

   Zoonosis/vector-borne diseases

        

Lyme borreliosis 3

297

57

6.2 (5.1-7.3)

5.6 (4.6-6.2)

8.9 (6.3-10.9)

4.9 (3.6-6.4)

8.1 (6.3-9.8)

1.7 (1.5-1.9)

Tularaemia

66

10

1.4 (0.3-3.6)

0.7 (0.0-2.3)

1.0 (0.2-2.8)

1.5 (0.3-3.9)

1.4 (0.1-3.8)

0.8 (0.4-1.0)

HFRS 5/Nephropathia epidemica

40

4.6

0.8 (0.4-1.6)

0.1 (0.0-0.3)

0.3 (0.1-0.6)

1.2 (0.6-2.3)

0.7 (0.3-1.2)

0.7 (0.2-1.0)

Malaria

32

1.0

0.7 (0.6-0.8)

0.2 (0.0-0.3)

0.2 (0.1-0.3)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

0.1 (0.0-0.4)

0.1 (0.0-0.4)

   Blood-borne/STI

        

Hepatitis C 3, 6

2270

36

47.2 (33.7-70.5)

2.3 (1.0-4.8)

5.1 (4.0-7.0)

76.1 (53.6-114.1)

5.0 (4.6-5.8)

0.1 (0.1-0.1)

Hepatitis B (chronic carriage)

693

13

14.4 (14.3-17.4)

0.7 (0.0-1.4)

8.5 (6.4-11.0)

20.9 (15.7-24.9)

1.8 (1.0-2.3)

0.1 (0.1-0.1)

Gonorrhoea

266

4.2

5.5 (4.6-6.3)

0.1 (0.0-0.3)

1.4 (0.9-1.6)

8.7 (7.4-9.8)

0.6 (0.1-1.2)

0.1 (0.0-0.1)

Hepatitis A

36

3.0

0.7 (0.4-1.0)

1.1 (0.7-2.3)

0.9 (0.6-1.4)

0.7 (0.3-1.1)

0.4 (0.1-1.0)

0.6 (0.4-1.4)

HIV infection

256

2.6

5.3 (4.9-5.9)

0.9 (0.0-2.1)

0.6 (0.4-0.9)

8.6 (8.0-9.5)

0.4 (0.3-0.6)

0.0 (0.0-0.1)

AIDS

33

2.2

0.7 (0.4-0.9)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.2)

1.0 (0.6-1.4)

0.3 (0.0-1.0)

0.3 (0.0-1.0)

Hepatitis B (acute infection)

71

1.4

1.5 (0.6-2.6)

0.1 (0.0-0.3)

0.6 (0.1-1.3)

2.2 (0.9-3.8)

0.2 (0.0-0.4)

0.1 (0.0-0.2)

Syphilis

88

0.8

1.8 (1.2-2.6)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.1 (0.0-0.6)

3.0 (1.9-4.4)

0.1 (0.0-0.3)

0.0 (0.0-0.1)

   Other diseases

        

Tuberculosis

336

38

7.0 (6.5-7.5)

1.5 (0.7-2.1)

4.4 (3.5-4.6)

8.8 (7.7-9.7)

5.3 (4.5-6.9)

0.6 (0.5-0.9)

Encephalitis

179

17

3.7 (2.8-6.4)

8.8 (5.5-17.2)

2.4 (1.4-4.9)

3.9 (2.9-6.5)

2.4 (1.9-3.2)

0.6 (0.5-0.8)

Legionellosis

40

15

0.8 (0.7-1.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

2.1 (1.5-3.0)

2.3 (1.8-3.2)

Creutzfeldt Jacob 3

9.6

7.2

0.2 (0.1-0.3)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.0 (0.0-0.0)

0.1 (0.0-0.1)

1.0 (0.3-1.4)

12.3 (2.0-∞)

  1. IDs = infectious diseases.
  2. *Note that data for botulism, cholera, rubella and brucellosis are not presented, as no such cases aged ≥65 years occurred between 2007 and 2011 (notification rate = 0/100,000).
  3. 1: Note that food- and waterborne infections can have been transmitted in other modes than through food and water, such as via infected individuals and animals.
  4. 2: Enteropathogenic E.(Escherichia) coli-enteritis includes Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome.
  5. 3: For the following diseases, notification became mandatory or the last change in notification guidelines was implemented after 1993: Mumps, MRSA infections, Lyme borreliosis (1995); Creutzfeldt Jacob (1997); MRSA carriage, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, penicillin-resistant pneumococci (2005); hepatitis C (2008).
  6. 4: MRSA = Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
  7. 5: HFRS = Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
  8. 6: Because hepatitis C became notifiable only since 2008, these results only include data of 2008–2011.
  9. 7: The notification rate ratio (NRR) was calculated by dividing the average notification rate in 2007–2011 among the population ≥65 years by the average notification rate among those aged 20–64 years. A NRR above 1 reflects a higher notification rate in the population ≥65 years compared to those aged 20–64 years, while a NRR below 1 reflects a lower NRR in the population ≥65 years.