% (No/total) or Median (25/75 percentiles) | Adults (≥ 16 years) (N = 142) | Children (<16 years) (N = 45) |
---|---|---|
Sex (female/male) | 71/71 | 20/25 |
Age | 61 years (50–71) | 12 month (7–18) |
Predisposing condition* | 13% (19/140) | 9% (4/45) |
Underlying disease§ | 23% (32/140) | 2% (1/45)** |
Clinical features on admission | Â | Â |
   Fever | 97% (119/123) | 95% (41/43) |
   Headache | 57% (47/82) | 3% (1/34)** |
   Back rigidity | 61% (67/110) | 46% (19/41) |
   Decreased consciousness | 96% (131/137) | 87% (34/39) |
Convulsion (Debut before/ after admission) | 28% (37/130) 6% (8/130) 22% (29/130) | 37% (17/45) 24% (11/45)** 13% (6/45) |
   Duration of symptoms | 2 days (2–4) (83/142) | 2 days (2–6) (28/45) |
Mechanical ventilation | 67% (86/128) | 28% (11/40)** |
CT-scan preceding lumbar puncture | 13% (19/142) | 4% (2/45) |
Steroid therapy | 7% (8/121) | 43% (18/42)** |
Paraclinical findings CSF WBC (cells/μL) | 2475 (122–4659) (109/142) | 1690 (775–2622) (40/45) |
   CSF protein (g/L) | 3.7 (2.1–6.9) (91/142) | 1.6 (0.8–2.2)** (32/45) |
   CSF glucose (mmol/L) | 0.9 (0.3–2.5) (95/142) | 1.4 (0.4–3.2) (34/45) |
   CSF/blood glucose ratio | 0.09 (0.02–0.3) (72/142) | 0.2 (0.07–0.6) (21/45) |
   Positive CSF culture | 93% (131/141) | 100% (45/45) |
   Blood WBC (109 cells/L) | 15.9 (10.1–24.8) (105/142) | 20.3 (12.8–29.2) (29/45) |
   Positive blood culture | 67% (94/141) | 67% (30/45) |
   Decreased penicillin susceptibility | 4% (5/139) | 11% (5/45) |
Death during hospitalization | 27% (38/142) | 2% (1/45)** |
   1. Neurological causes# | 11% (15/142)$ | 2% (1/45) |
   2. Systemic causes¤ | 6% (9/142)$ | 0% (0/45) |
   3. Other causes& | 2% (3/142) | 0% (0/45) |
   Combination of 1 and 2 | 8% (11/142) | 0% (0/45) |
Sequelae | 52% (50/96) | 17% (7/42)** |
   1. Hearing loss | 30% (29/96) | 12% (5/42) |
   2. Neurologic abnormalityˆ | 22% (21/96) | 2.5% (1/42) |
   Combination of 1 and 2 | 0% (0/96) | 2.5% (1/42) |
Number of days hospitalised among survivors | 15 (11–22) | 11 (10–14)** |