Obesity and smoking are factors associated with poor prognosis in patients with bacteraemia

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 4 Case fatality in relation to predisposing factors and underlying diseases (univariate analysis)

Predisposing factor	All patients	Deceased	Survivors	p-value	RR (95% CI)
	N = 149	N = 19	N = 130
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Obesity^a	27 (23.7)	7 (70.0)	20 (19.2)	0.002	9.8 (2.3–41.3)
Current smoker or ex-smoker^b	66 (48.5)	13 (92.9)	53 (43.4)	<0.001	16.9 (2.1–133.5)
Alcohol abuse	24 (16.1)	7 (36.8)	17 (13.1)	0.008	3.9 (1.3–11.2)
Type 1 diabetes	5 (3.4)	0 (0)	5 (3.8)	1	1.0 (0.9–1.0)
Type 2 diabetes	29 (19.5)	6 (31.6)	23 (17.7)	0.153	2.1 (0.7–6.2)
COPD	8 (5.4)	4 (21.1)	4 (3.1)	0.01	8.4 (1.9–37.1)
Haematological malignancy	11 (7.4)	0 (0)	11 (8.5)	0.36	0.9 (0.9–1.0)
Solid malignancy	15 (10.1)	3 (15.8)	12 (9.2)	0.41	1.8 (0.5–7.2)
Rheumatoid arthritis	7 (4.7)	3 (15.8)	4 (3.1)	0.045	5.9 (1.2–28.8)
Liver cirrhosis	4 (2.7)	1 (5.3)	3 (2.3)	0.42	2.4 (0.2–23.8)
Cardiac disease^c	44 (29.5)	6 (31.6)	38 (29.2)	0.834	1.1 (0.4–3.2)
McCabe II or III^d	24 (16.1)	3 (15.8)	21 (16.2)	1	1.0 (0.3–3.6)
Corticosteroid treatment^e	18 (12.1)	2 (10.5)	16 (12.3)	0.824	0.8 (0.2–4.0)
Chronic disease^f	117 (78.5)	18 (94.7)	99 (76.2)	0.065	5.6 (0.7–43.9)
Age over 60 years	78 (52.3)	11 (57.9)	67 (51.5)	0.604	1.3 (0.5–3.4)
Male sex	79 (53.0)	14 (73.7)	65 (50.0)	0.053	2.8 (1.0–8.2)
Nosocomial infection	30 (20.1)	1 (5.3)	29 (22.3)	0.084	0.2 (0.03–1.5)

^a(BMI >30), data available from 114 patients
^bData available from 136 patients
^cCoronary artery disease, valvular disease or documented heart failure
^dMcCabe class II or III: ultimately fatal or rapidly fatal disease
^eCorticosteroids used in a dose of over 5 mg per day during one month prior to the episode of bacteraemia
^fAt least one chronic disease

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