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Table 5 Factors associated with anticipated preventive behaviors to protect others if 2 to 3 new human-to-human H5N1 cases were to be reported in Hong Kong

From: Anticipated and current preventive behaviors in response to an anticipated human-to-human H5N1 epidemic in the Hong Kong Chinese general population

 

Full compliance with any quarantine policies

Face mask use in public venues if having ILI symptoms

Declaration of ILI symptoms at border health checkpoints

Seeking of medical consultation immediately with the onset of a fever

 

Row%

ORu

ORm

Row%

ORu

ORm

Row%

ORu

ORm

Row%

ORu

ORm

Background characteristics

            

Education level

            

   ≤ Matriculated

87.5

ns

---

90.6

1.00

1.00

86.3

ns

---

94.2

ns

---

   ≥ University

89.6

  

96.0

2.47*

2.99*

88.4

  

94.2

  

Marital status

            

   Never married

83.5

1.00

1.00

91.0

ns

---

84.6

ns

---

94.1

ns

---

   Ever married

91.1

2.02*

2.02*

93.3

  

88.6

  

94.3

  

Employment status

            

   Not employed full-time

87.4

ns

---

88.9

1.00

ns

86.4

ns

---

92.0

1.00

ns

   Employed full-time

88.8

  

94.7

2.24*

 

87.5

  

95.7

1.96 ~

 

Perceived modes of transmission of human-to-human H5N1:

            

Respiratory droplets

            

   No/not certain

79.2

1.00

ns

87.5

1.00

ns

90.3

ns

---

95.8

ns

---

   Yes

89.8

2.32*

 

93.3

1.98 ~

 

86.5

  

94.0

  

Bodily contact

            

   No/not certain

86.9

ns

---

91.9

ns

---

89.2

ns

---

93.8

ns

---

   Yes

89.7

  

93.0

  

84.8

  

94.7

  

Objects contaminated with the virus

            

   No/not certain

88.8

ns

---

91.4

ns

---

86.3

ns

---

93.4

ns

---

   Yes

87.9

  

93.1

  

87.6

  

94.8

  

Eating well-cooked poultry

            

   No/not certain

88.4

ns

---

91.8

ns

---

86.0

ns

---

93.9

ns

---

   Yes

88.0

  

94.4

  

90.4

  

95.2

  

No. of items with "yes" responses in the above 4 items

            

   0 – 2

87.7

ns

---

90.4

1.00

ns

87.1

ns

---

93.4

ns

---

   3 – 4

89.1

  

95.5

2.27*

 

87.1

  

95.5

  

Perceived impacts of human-to-human H5N1

            

Perceived chance to have a major human-to-human H5N1 outbreak in Hong Kong

            

   Low/very low chance/not certain

86.6

ns

---

90.5

1.00

1.00

83.7

1.00

1.00

93.2

ns

---

   High/very high chance

91.6

  

96.4

2.80*

2.71*

94.0

3.04**

3.09**

96.4

  

Worry about oneself/family members contracting the virus a

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

87.1

ns

---

89.7

1.00

ns

86.7

ns

---

92.7

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

89.3

  

94.8

2.10*

 

87.4

  

95.6

  

No effective drugs currently available

            

   Disagree/not certain

85.5

1.00

ns

91.6

ns

---

83.9

1.00

ns

92.8

ns

---

   Agree

90.9

1.70 ~

 

93.3

  

90.2

1.75*

 

95.7

  

Perceived susceptibility to H5N1 infection

            

Oneself or one's family

87.2

ns

---

91.3

ns

---

85.3

1.00

ns

93.2

ns

---

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

91.1

  

95.6

  

91.9

1.94 ~

 

97.0

  

   Likely/very likely

            

Older people

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

78.0

1.00

ns

90.0

ns

---

86.0

ns

---

90.0

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

89.4

2.38*

 

92.7

  

87.2

  

94.7

  

Adults

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

87.0

ns

---

91.6

ns

---

86.6

ns

---

94.6

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

89.7

  

93.4

  

87.6

  

93.8

  

Children

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

78.1

1.00

1.00

90.4

ns

---

86.3

ns

---

91.8

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

90.0

2.53**

2.50**

92.8

  

87.2

  

94.7

  

Health care workers

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

83.8

ns

---

91.4

ns

---

86.7

ns

---

93.3

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

89.4

  

92.7

  

87.2

  

94.5

  

Food sellers

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

87.8

ns

---

85.1

1.00

ns

82.4

ns

---

89.2

1.00

ns

   Likely/very likely

88.3

  

93.7

2.60*

 

87.9

  

95.1

2.36*

 

Food dealers

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

88.4

ns

---

88.4

1.00

ns

84.3

ns

---

94.2

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

88.2

  

94.6

2.29*

 

88.5

  

94.3

  

The general public

            

   Unlikely/very unlikely/not certain

86.2

1.00

ns

91.6

ns

---

85.6

ns

---

94.3

ns

---

   Likely/very likely

92.3

1.92*

 

94.1

  

89.9

  

94.1

  

No. of items with "likely/very likely" responses in the above 8 items

            

   0 – 6

86.7

1.00

ns

91.2

1.00

ns

85.7

ns

---

93.9

ns

---

   7 – 8

92.9

1.99 ~

 

96.0

2.32 ~

 

91.3

  

95.2

  

Efficacy of prevention measures

            

Quarantine of the infected people

            

   Low/very low/not certain

74.1

1.00

ns

81.5

1.00

ns

81.5

ns

---

92.6

ns

---

   High/very high

89.1

2.85*

 

93.1

3.05*

 

87.4

  

94.3

  

Face mask use in public venues

            

   Low/very low/not certain

70.8

1.00

1.00

70.8

1.00

1.00

75.0

1.00

ns

87.5

1.00

ns

   High/very high

90.1

3.75***

3.31**

94.7

7.40***

8.03***

88.4

2.53*

 

94.9

2.68*

 

Frequent handwashing

            

   Low/very low/not certain

81.3

ns

---

84.4

1.00

---

78.1

ns

---

87.5

ns

---

   High/very high

88.7

  

93.0

2.46 ~

 

87.7

  

94.7

  

Home disinfection

            

   Low/very low/not certain

85.7

ns

---

87.8

ns

---

73.5

1.00

1.00

91.8

ns

---

   High/very high

88.5

  

93.0

  

88.5

2.79**

2.87**

94.5

  

Mass extermination of poultry

            

   Low/very low/not certain

84.5

ns

---

90.1

ns

---

88.7

ns

---

89.4

1.00

1.00

   High/very high

89.8

  

93.4

  

86.4

  

96.1

2.93**

2.93**

No. of items with "high/very high chance" responses in the above 5 items

            

   0 – 3

77.4

1.00

ns

80.6

1.00

ns

77.4

1.00

ns

88.7

1.00

ns

   4 – 5

89.8

2.57**

 

94.1

3.83***

 

88.4

2.23*

 

95.0

2.42 ~

 
  1. a Would worry that it is likely/very likely for oneself or one's family members to contract H5N1 (if 2–3 new cases were to be reported in Hong Kong. Gender, age group, and perception that the impacts of human-to-human H5N1 would be worse than that of SARS in terms of fatality rate and efficacy of treatment were not associated with any of the 4 dependent variables and were hence not tabulated.
  2. ORU = Univariate odds ratio.
  3. ORm = Odds ratios obtained from multivariate stepwise logistic regression using univariately significant (including marginally significant) variables as candidate variables.
  4. ~ 0.5 < p < 0.1; *p < 0.5; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
  5. ns = not significant.
  6. --- univariately non-significant and was not considered in the multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis.