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Table 2 Multi-variate logistic regression model determining the independent risk factors for development of extra pulmonary tuberculosis relative to pulmonary tuberculosis.

From: Comparison of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Nepal- a hospital-based retrospective study

Variables

P Value

Odds ratio

95% CI

Age (Years)

> 50

 

1

-

25–50

0.61

0.85

(0.46–1.58)

< 25

0.04

1.79

(1.04–3.09)

Gender

Male

0.02

1

-

Female

 

1.67

(1.08–2.58)

Diabetes mellitus

No

0.01

1

-

Yes

 

0.14

(0.03–0.65)

Use of immunosuppressive drugs

No

0.01

1

-

Yes

 

0.14

(0.03–0.62)

Past history of tuberculosis

No

0.001

1

-

Yes

 

0.25

(0.12–0.55)

Smoking habits*

Never smoked

 

1

-

Currently smoking

0.001

0.34

(0.18–0.63)

Quit at least 6 months previously

0.08

0.45

(0.21–1.09)

Alcohol use*

Never drank alcohol

   

Currently drinking

0.68

1.21

(0.49–3.01)

Quit at least 6 months previously

0.56

1.34

(0.50–3.57)

  1. * A person who quit smoking or drinking alcohol less than 6 months ago was coded as current smoker or currently drinking. Information about smoking and alcohol intake was not recorded in 15 case files. Therefore, 15 files were not included in the final regression analysis model.