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Table 6 Sensitivity, specificity, and multivariate logistic regression for prediction of influenza versus dengue and influenza versus other febrile illnesses

From: Use of simple clinical and laboratory predictors to differentiate influenza from dengue and other febrile illnesses in the emergency room

 

Influenza n/N (%)

Dengue n/N (%)

Other febrile illnesses n/N (%)

Adjusted odds ratio

95% CI

P

Sensitivity%

Specificity%

Influenza vs. dengue

        

All ages

        

No skin rashes

234/238 (98.3)

58/145 (40)

-

131.336

35.416-487.039

<0.001

98.3

60

No leukopeniaa

225/232 (96.9)

64/145 (44.1)

-

24.978

7.010-89.006

<0.001

96.9

55.9

No marked thrombocytopeniab

233/238 (97.9)

37/145 (25.5)

-

105.973

31.687-354.419

<0.001

97.9

74.5

Age ≤18 years

        

No skin rashes

185/189 (97.9)

12/23 (52.2)

-

326.393

30.860-3452.098

<0.001

97.9

52.2

No leukopeniaa

185/189 (97.9)

9/23 (39.1)

-

122.116

10.888-1369.665

<0.001

97.9

60.9

No marked thrombocytopeniab

186/189 (98.4)

11/23 (47.8)

-

88.632

6.443-1219.174

0.001

98.4

52.2

Age >18 years

        

No leukopeniaa

46/49 (93.9)

55/122 (45.1)

-

13.99

3.628-53.946

<0.001

93.9

54.9

No marked thrombocytopeniab

45/49 (91.8)

26/122 (21.3)

-

34.096

10.622-109.445

<0.001

91.8

78.7

Influenza vs. other febrile illnesses

        

All ages

        

Rhinorrhea

152/238 (63.9)

-

57/137 (41.6)

3.350

1.997-5.618

<0.001

63.9

58.4

Malaise

105/238 (44.1)

-

16/137 (11.7)

6.050

3.207-11.414

<0.001

44.1

88.3

Sore throat

105/238 (44.1)

-

30/137 (21.9)

3.407

1.960-5.922

<0.001

44.1

78.1

Dyspnea

41/238 (17.3)

-

1/137 (0.7)

47.335

6.174-632.919

<0.001

17.3

99.3

Mild thrombocytopeniac

38/238 (15.9)

-

5/137 (3.6)

3.779

1.309-10.908

0.014

15.9

96.4

Age ≤18 years

        

Rhinorrhea

131/189 (69.3)

-

53/106 (50)

2.765

1.531-4.997

0.001

69.3

50

Malaise

76/189 (40.2)

-

6/106 (5.7)

11.129

4.455-27.802

<0.001

40.2

94.3

Sore throat

83/189 (43.9)

-

21/106 (19.8)

3.575

1.892-6.753

<0.001

43.9

80.2

Dyspnea

24/189 (12.7)

-

1/106 (0.9)

20.867

2.641-164.872

0.004

12.7

99

Mild thrombocytopeniac

24/189 (12.7)

-

2/106 (1.9)

7.138

1.509-33.769

0.013

12.7

98.1

Age >18 years

 

-

      

Rhinorrhea

36/81 (44.4)

-

8/45 (17.8)

4.726

1.654-13.5

0.004

44.4

82.2

Malaise

42/81 (51.9)

-

13/45 (28.9)

3.108

1.224-7.897

0.017

51.9

71.1

  1. n/N = number of patients/total number of patients with data available; CI = confidence interval.
  2. aLeukopenia is defined as white cell counts <3.0 × 109 cells/L.
  3. bMarked thrombocytopenia is defined as platelet counts <100 × 109 cells/L.
  4. cMild thrombocytopenia is defined as platelet counts 149-100 × 109 cells/L.
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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