| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Age (years) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<35 | 1.00 | 0.166 | Â | Â |
≥35 | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) |  |  |  |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 1.00 | 0.002 | 1.00 | 0.805 |
Female | 1.78 (1.22-2.59) | Â | 1.06 (0.68-1.66) | Â |
WHO disease category | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1/2 | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
3/4 | 1.02 (0.94-1.11) | Â | Â | Â |
CD4 category (cells/μL) |  |  |  |  |
≥100 | 1.00 | 0.576 |  |  |
<100 | 1.09 (0.80-1.49) | Â | Â | Â |
HIV viral load (log copies/mL) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<5.0 | 1.00 | 0.812 | Â | Â |
5.0-5.49 | 1.07 (0.75-1.54) | Â | Â | Â |
≥5.5 | 1.16 (0.72-1.86) |  |  |  |
WHO anaemia severity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
none | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
Mild | 3.29 (1.95-5.55) | Â | 3.76 (2.14-6.62) | Â |
Moderate | 5.56 (3.42-9.06) | Â | 5.44 (3.14-9.40) | Â |
severe | 13.21 (6.00-29.10) | Â | 10.69 (4.52-25.28) | Â |
MCV (fL) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
>100 | 1.00 | 0.093 | Â | Â |
80-100 | 1.10 (0.63-1.92) | Â | Â | Â |
<80 | 2.05 (0.96-4.35) | Â | Â | Â |
Time-updated characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â |
AZT exposure in first year of ART | Â | Â | Â | Â |
AZT-free throughout | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.009 |
Any AZT exposure | 1.90 (1.32-2.73) | Â | 1.74 (1.15-2.62) | Â |
CD4 category (cells/μL) |  |  |  |  |
≥100 | 1.00 | 0.349 |  |  |
<100 | 1.44 (0.68-3.01) | Â | Â | Â |
HIV viral load (copies/mL) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<1000 | 1.00 | 0.064 | 1.00 | 0.676 |
≥1000 | 1.91 (0.98-3.74) |  | 1.18 (0.54-2.55) |  |
MCV (fL) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
>100 | 1.00 | <0.001 | 1.00 | <0.001 |
80-100 | 3.65 (2.50-5.32) | Â | 3.39 (2.23-5.17) | Â |
<80 | 13.13 (2.70-63.93) | Â | 12.60 (2.12-74.80) | Â |
TB disease status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
TB free in first year of ART | 1.00 | 0.441 | Â | Â |
Referred TB at ART initiation | 0.95 (0.61-1.47) | Â | Â | Â |
TB in first year of ART | 1.31 (0.95-2.01) | Â | Â | Â |