Table 2 Hazard Ratios for first Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia among patients with end-stage renal disease according to potential risk factors
Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | P value (in adjusted analysis) |
Sex | |||
Female | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
Male | 1.12 (1.00–1.24) | 1.08 (0.96–1.20) | 0.20 |
Age | |||
<50 years | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
50-64 years | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) | 0.06 |
≥65 years | 1.09 (0.96–1.25) | 0.87 (0.75–1.00) | 0.06 |
Diabetes mellitus | |||
No | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
Yes | 1.33 (1.18–1.50) | 1.05 (0.91–1.22) | 0.52 |
m-CCI | |||
Low | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
Moderate | 1.33 (1.15–1.54) | 1.20 (1.03–1.40) | 0.02 |
High | 1.86 (1.62–2.14) | 1.61 (1.37–1.91) | <0.001 |
Calendar period | |||
1992–1996 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
1997–2001 | 0.92 (0.80–1.06) | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) | 0.03 |
2002–2006 | 0.81 (0.70–0.93) | 0.72 (0.62–0.83) | <0.001 |
2007–2009 | 0.78 (0.64–0.94) | 0.69 (0.57–0.84) | <0.001 |
Cause of ESRD | |||
Glomerulonephritis | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 1.55 (1.29–1.86) | 1.77 (0.95–1.45) | 0.13 |
CIN | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) | 0.98 (0.78–1.22) | 0.85 |
Hypertensive kidney | 1.24 (1.04–1.48) | 1.15 (0.96–1.38) | 0.12 |
Polycystic kidney | 0.55 (0.41–0.74) | 0.54 (0.40–0.72) | <0.001 |
Vasculitis | 1.42 (1.06–1.90) | 1.25 (0.92–1.68) | 0.15 |
Other | 1.19 (0.94–1.52) | 1.09 (0.85–1.40) | 0.50 |
Renal replacement therapy | |||
Transplantation | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |
Hemodialysis | 3.95 (3.34–4.68) | 5.41 (4.13–7.09) | <0.001 |
Peritoneal dialysis | 0.58 (0.51–0.65) | 2.07 (1.46–2.95) | <0.001 |