Study | Setting | Sample size | Mean follow-up | Study details | Outcomes assessed | Key findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coverdale et al. 2004 [47] | Australia | 455 | 9 yearsa | Retrospective cohort study including 384 treated with IFN alone, (n = 71 untreated) including patients with cirrhosis | Liver-related complications | Overall 9-year incidence liver-related complication rate was 25% for untreated, 25% for non-response and 2% for SVR |
Abergel et al. 2004 [73] | France | 163 | Not stated | Retrospective cohort study in patients with severe fibrosis treated with IFN alone (n = 64) or IFN plus ribavirin (n = 99) | Progression of fibrosis | Fibrosis progression rate decreased in both responders and non-responders to treatment. 33% SVR regressed from cirrhosis to severe fibrosis; corresponding figure for non-responders was 9% (p = 0.058) |
Braks et al. 2007 [43] | France | 113 | 8.2 (3.1) years | Retrospective cohort study in patients with compensated cirrhosis treated with IFN, IFN plus ribavirin or pegIFN plus ribavirin | Liver-related complications | Proportion of patients with ascites was 5.4% for SVR vs. 10.5% for non-SVR, rates of digestive hemorrhage were 2.7% vs. 5.3%, respectively |
Poynard et al. 2013 [74] | France | 933 | 6.3 years | Prospective cohort study in HCV patients, 62% genotype 1 | Regression of fibrosis, progression to cirrhosis | HR (95% CI) for regression of fibrosis at 10 years for SVR versus non-response = 4.94 (2.59–9.44) (p < 0.001) |
HR (95% CI) for progression to cirrhosis = 0.185 (0.106–0.264) for SVR and 0.173 (0.123–0.224) | ||||||
Roche et al. 2008 [75] | France | 113 | 31.4 monthsa | Open label study in with liver transplant recipients treated with IFN plus ribavirin or pegIFN plus ribavirin, 75% genotype 1 | Fibrosis stage | For SVR mean (SD) necroinflammatory grade decreased from 1.9 (0.6) to 1.0 (0.6) post-therapy and improved in 71.5% and remained stable in 26% SVR patients; corresponding figures in non-SVR patients were 51.5% and 46%, respectively |
Wiese et al. 2014 [76] | Germany | 718 | 35 years | Prospective, community-based multicenter study in women with HCV genotype 1, SVR rate of 46% in treated patients | Cirrhosis | Incidence of cirrhosis at 35 years post-infection = 6.0% for SVR vs. 15.3% for non-SVR |
Annicchiarico et al. 2012 [77] | Italy | 135 | 44.4 monthsa | Prospective study in 135 HCV patients with cirrhosis | Portal hypertension | Development of portal hypertension was 10% for SVR versus 40% for non-SVR (p < 0.0005) progression of portal hypertension was 25% for SVR vs. 48% for non-SVR (p < 0.01) |
Bruno et al. 2010 [78] | Italy | 218 | 11.4 yearsa | Retrospective cohort study in patients with compensated cirrhosis (n = 149 patients treated with IFN or IFN plus ribavirin), but no esophageal varices | Esophageal varices | Esophageal varices developed in 32% untreated patients, 39% non-SVR patients and 0% SVR patients |
D’ambrosio et al. 2011 [79] | Italy | 127 | 77 months | Prospective cohort study in initially treatment-naïve patients with compensated cirrhosis, treated with IFN plus ribavirin | Esophageal varices (development of and or progression in size/severity) | Development/progression occurred in 5% SVR patients versus 15% non-SVR patients. 8-year cumulative probability of esophageal varices was 6% for SVR vs. 30% for non-SVR (p = 0.03) |
Arase et al. 2009 [69] | Japan | 2,842 | 6.4 yearsa | Retrospective cohort study in patients treated with IFN or pegIFN plus ribavirin, 6% patients had cirrhosis at baseline | Onset of type 2 diabetes | Adjusted HR (95% CI) for the development of diabetes for non-SVR vs. SVR was 2.73 (1.77–4.20) (p < 0.001) |
Imazeki et al. 2005 [46] | Japan | 459 | 8.9 (3.2) years | Retrospective cohort study in patients, inc patients with cirrhosis, treated with IFN alone (n = 355) or untreated (n = 104), n = 116 patients achieved SVR | Hepatic failure | In the total population, annual incidence of hepatic failure was 0% for SVR and 0.5% for non-responders; corresponding figures for patients with cirrhosis were 0% and 1.0%, respectively |
Uenishi et al. 2008 [64] | Japan | 209 | 4.1 yearsa | Retrospective cohort study in patients who underwent curative surgery for early stage HCC (n = 139 had no antiviral treatment, remainder treated with pegIFN plus ribavirin) | Tumor-free survival and recurrence of HCC | Tumor-free survival rate at 5 years was 54% for SVR group vs. 23% for non-SVR/untreated group (p < 0.001) |
Lee et al. 2013 [80] | South Korea | 315 | 45 monthsa | Retrospective chart review, 86% patients treated, 15% with cirrhosis at baseline, SVR rate of 75% | Cirrhosis | Cumulative 5 year rate of cirrhosis was 27.6% for patients without SVR vs. 0% for patients with SVR (p < 0.01) |
Canete et al. 2013 [81] | Spain | 105 | 9.3 years | Retrospective study of paired biopsy data in HCV patients with mild-moderate fibrosis treated with IFN plus ribavirin | Progression of fibrosis | Progression of fibrosis was reported in 5.3% patients with SVR and 50% patients with non-response (p < 0.0001). Fibrosis improved in 30.5% patients with SVR and 14.6% patients with non-response |
Simo et al. 2006 [70] | Spain | 234 | 5.7 years | Retrospective cohort study in patients with HCV (without severe fibrosis) treated with IFN or IFN plus ribavirin, 79% genotype 1 | Onset of type 2 diabetes | HR (95% CI) for onset of diabetes for SVR vs. non-SVR was 0.48 (0.24–0.98) (p = 0.04) |
Aleman et al. 2013 [26] | Sweden | 351 | 5.3 years | Prospective multicenter study in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis treated with pegIFN plus ribavirin, 50% genotype 1 | Decompensated cirrhosis (ascites, variceal bleeding, encephalopathy) | HR (95% CI) for hepatic decompensation for SVR vs. non SVR = 0.23 (0.08–0.53) (p = 0.002) |
Innes et al. 2012 [56] | United Kingdom | 1,215 | 5.3 years | Retrospective cohort study in previously naïve patients, 36% genotype 1, treated with IFN-based therapy, 14% patients with cirrhosis at baseline | Liver-related inpatient hospital episodes | Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for SVR versus non-SVR were 0.22 (0.15–0.34) for liver-related hospital episode (p < 0.01) |
Cozen et al. 2013 [66] | United States | 358 | 10 years | Retrospective database analysis in patients with HCV treated with IFN monotherapy or pegIFN plus ribavirin, 69% genotype 1 and 7.3% with cirrhosis at baseline | Cirrhosis | HR (95% CI) for development of cirrhosis vs. never treated = 0.68 (0.26–1.80) for SVR and 2.35 (1.18–4.69) for non-responders |
Hyder et al. 2013 [72] | United States | 20,486 | 5 years | Retrospective database analysis of US veterans with no history of diabetes treated between 1998–2007 | Onset of type 2 diabetes | HR (95% CI) for onset of type 2 diabetes for SVR versus non-response was 0.76 (0.70–0.82) (p < 0.0001) |
Oni et al. 2011 [71] | United States | 8,687 | >6Â years | Retrospective database analysis in patients treated with pegIFN-based treatment | Onset of type 2 diabetes | Rate of new onset of diabetes was 10.2% for SVR group vs. 15% for non-SVR group |