HIV infection, viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis among prison inmates in West Africa

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 3 Factors associated with a severe liver fibrosis defined as a median liver stiffness measure ≥9.5 KPa in inmates of state prisons in Dakar and Lomé, West Africa (n = 680), 2013–2014

	Univariate analysis			Multivariable analysis
	n/N	OR (95 % CI)	p	OR (95 % CI)	p
Age			0.81
≤35 years	17/527	1
>35 years	4/153	0.9 (0.3–2.5)
State prison			0.01		0.03
Dakar, Senegal	4/333	1		1
Lome, Togo	17/347	3.9 (1.4–11.1)		3.3 (1.1–9.8)
Alcohol use			0.80
No use	16/526	1
Current/Hazardous drinking^a	5/154	1.1 (0.4–3.0)
HIV test^b			<0.01		0.01
Negative	18/662	1		1
Positive	3/18	7.9 (2.2–28.2)		7.6 (1.8–32.1)
HBV test^b			<0.01		<0.01
Negative	14/595	1		1
Positive	7/85	3.8 (1.5–9.6)		4.8 (1.8–12.8)
HCV test^c			0.01		<0.01
Negative	20/677	1		1
Positive	1/3	19.8(1.2–207.5)		52.6 (4.1–673.8)
Herbal medicine^d			<0.00		0.01
No or occasional use	14/617	1	1	1
Frequent use	7/63	5.5 (2.2–14.0)		3.7 (1.4–10.1)

n/N: number of inmates with sever fibrosis/total number of inmates for a specific category
^aReported alcohol use during the last 12 month measured with AUDIT questionnaire
^bRapid diagnostic test: Determine® (Alere, Waltham, MA, USA)
^cRapid diagnostic test: Oraquick® (Orasure, Bethlehem, PA, USA)
^dReported use of traditional medicine with ingested herbs
Abbreviations: HIV Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HBV Hepatitis B Virus, HCV Hepatitis C Virus, OR Odd Ratio, CI Confidence Interval

ISSN: 1471-2334