From: Factors associated with smoking among tuberculosis patients in Spain
Total | Non-smoker | Smoker | Bivariate analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N 5846 | N 3546 | 61 % | N 2300 | 39 % | OR (95 % CI) | P-value | |
Sex | |||||||
Women | 2082 | 1556 | 74,7 | 526 | 25,3 | Ref | |
Men | 3626 | 1911 | 52,7 | 1715 | 47,3 | 2.65(2.36;2.99) | <0.001 |
Unknown | 138 | 79 | 57,2 | 59 | 42,8 | 2.21(1.55;3.14) | <0,001 |
Age | |||||||
Unknown | 138 | 118 | 85,5 | 20 | 15,5 | Ref | |
18–30 years | 1627 | 1077 | 66,2 | 550 | 33,8 | 2.99(1.88;5.01) | <0,001 |
31–50 years | 2405 | 1212 | 50,4 | 1193 | 49,6 | 5.77(3.65;9.61) | <0,001 |
> 50 years | 1676 | 1139 | 68 | 537 | 32 | 2.76(1.74;4.62) | <0,001 |
Origin | |||||||
Immigrant | 1941 | 1408 | 72,5 | 533 | 27,5 | Ref | |
Native | 3905 | 2138 | 54,8 | 1767 | 45,2 | 2,18(1,94;2.46) | <0,001 |
Cohabitation status | |||||||
Group | 651 | 431 | 66,2 | 220 | 33,8 | Ref | |
Alone | 554 | 276 | 49,8 | 278 | 50,2 | 1,97(1,56;2,49) | <0,001 |
Homeless | 100 | 25 | 25 | 75 | 75 | 5,84(3,65;9,63) | <0,001 |
Confinement | 80 | 38 | 47,5 | 42 | 52,5 | 2,16(1,35;3,47) | 0,001 |
With Family | 4293 | 2683 | 62,5 | 1610 | 37,5 | 1,18(0,99;1,40) | 0,067 |
Unknown | 168 | 93 | 55,4 | 75 | 44,6 | 1,58(1,12;2,23) | 0,01 |
Employment status | |||||||
Retired | 978 | 792 | 81 | 186 | 19 | Ref | |
Active | 3026 | 1794 | 59,3 | 1232 | 40,7 | 2,92(2.46;3,95) | <0.001 |
Unemployed | 1481 | 730 | 49,3 | 751 | 50,7 | 4,38(3,63;5,30) | <0.001 |
Incapacity | 110 | 59 | 53,6 | 51 | 46,4 | 3,68(2,44;5,53) | <0.001 |
Unknown | 251 | 171 | 68,1 | 80 | 31,9 | 1,99(1,46;2,71) | <0.001 |
Alcohol | |||||||
No | 4475 | 3079 | 68,8 | 1396 | 31,2 | Ref | |
Yes | 1371 | 467 | 34,1 | 904 | 65,9 | 4,27(3.76;4,86) | <0,001 |
IDU | |||||||
No | 5768 | 3532 | 61,2 | 2236 | 38,8 | Ref | |
Yes | 78 | 14 | 17,9 | 64 | 82,1 | 7,15(4.12;13,4) | <0,001 |
HIV | |||||||
No | 4547 | 2783 | 61,2 | 1764 | 38,8 | 1,10(0,96;1,27) | 0,15 |
Yes | 269 | 108 | 40,1 | 161 | 59,9 | 2,60(1,97;3,92) | 0,001 |
Unknown | 1030 | 655 | 63,5 | 375 | 36.4 | Ref | |
Diagnosis | |||||||
Specialits service | 898 | 602 | 67 | 296 | 33 | Ref | |
Hospital Emergency Room | 2916 | 1691 | 58 | 1225 | 42 | 1,47(1,26;1,73) | <0,001 |
Primere care | 1106 | 660 | 59,7 | 446 | 40,3 | 1,37(1,14;1,65) | 0,001 |
Other | 754 | 494 | 65,5 | 260 | 34,5 | 1,07(0,87;1,31) | 0,515 |
Unknown | 172 | 99 | 57,6 | 73 | 42,4 | 1,5(1,07;2,09) | 0,018 |
Prior Treatment | |||||||
No | 5287 | 3245 | 61,4 | 2042 | 38,6 | Ref | |
Yes | 438 | 224 | 51,1 | 214 | 48,9 | 1,52(1,25;1,85) | <0,001 |
Localization | |||||||
Extra-pulmonary | 611 | 497 | 81,3 | 114 | 18,7 | Ref | |
Pulmonary | 4149 | 2299 | 55,4 | 1850 | 44,6 | 3,50(2.84;4.35) | <0,001 |
Disseminated | 301 | 198 | 65,8 | 103 | 34,2 | 2,27(1,66;3,10) | <0,001 |
Unknown | 785 | 552 | 70,3 | 233 | 29,7 | 1,84(1,43;2,38) | <0,001 |
Radiology | |||||||
Normal | 610 | 480 | 78,7 | 130 | 21,3 | Ref | |
Abnormal cavitary | 1922 | 889 | 46,3 | 1033 | 53,7 | 4,28(3.47;5,32) | <0,001 |
Abnormal non cavitary | 3114 | 2042 | 65,6 | 1072 | 33,4 | 1,94(1,58;2,39) | <0,001 |
Unknown | 200 | 135 | 67,5 | 65 | 32,5 | 1,78(1,24;2,53) | 0,002 |
Microbiology | |||||||
Culture (−) | 1055 | 779 | 73,8 | 276 | 26,2 | Ref | |
Microscopy smear (+) | 3144 | 1636 | 52 | 1508 | 48 | 2,60(2,23;3,04) | <0,001 |
Microscopy smear (+), culture (−) | 1647 | 1131 | 68,7 | 516 | 31,3 | 1,29(1,08;1,53) | 0,004 |
Single-drug resistance | |||||||
No | 5458 | 3311 | 60,7 | 2147 | 39,3 | Ref | |
Yes | 388 | 235 | 60,6 | 153 | 39,4 | 1,00(0,81;1,24) | 0,968 |
Multi-drug resistance | |||||||
No | 5797 | 3517 | 60,7 | 2280 | 39,3 | Ref | |
Yes | 49 | 29 | 59,2 | 20 | 40,8 | 1,07(0,59;1,88) | 0,827 |
Delayed diagnosis | |||||||
Unknown | 343 | 226 | 65,9 | 117 | 34,1 | Ref | |
< 50 days | 2777 | 1680 | 60,5 | 1097 | 39,5 | 1,26(1,00;1,60) | 0,052 |
> 50 days | 2726 | 1640 | 60,2 | 1086 | 39,8 | 1,28(1,01;1,62) | 0,04 |
Treatment indicated | |||||||
Unknown | 197 | 132 | 67 | 65 | 33 | Ref | |
3 drugs | 2566 | 1521 | 59,3 | 1045 | 40,7 | 1,39(1,03;1,91) | 0,032 |
4 drugs | 2819 | 1732 | 61,4 | 1087 | 38,6 | 1,27(0,94;1,74) | 0,119 |
Others | 264 | 161 | 61 | 103 | 39 | 1,30(0,88;1,92) | 0,186 |
Need for DOT | |||||||
Unknown | 597 | 373 | 62,5 | 224 | 37,5 | Ref | |
No | 4629 | 2834 | 61,2 | 1795 | 38,8 | 1,05(0,89;1,26) | 0,555 |
Yes | 620 | 339 | 54,7 | 281 | 45,3 | 1,38(1,10;1,74) | 0,006 |
Clinical progression | |||||||
Unknown | 569 | 354 | 62,2 | 215 | 37,8 | Ref | |
Improved | 4860 | 2936 | 60,4 | 1924 | 39,6 | 1,08(0,90;1,19) | 0,406 |
Stable | 368 | 226 | 61,4 | 142 | 38,6 | 1,03(0,79;1,35) | 0,805 |
Progressed | 49 | 30 | 61,2 | 19 | 38,8 | 1,05(0,56;1,89) | 0,884 |
Radiological progression | |||||||
Stable | 981 | 626 | 63,8 | 355 | 36,2 | Ref | |
Improved | 3750 | 2238 | 59,7 | 1512 | 40,3 | 1,19(1,03;1,38) | 0,018 |
Progressed | 36 | 17 | 47,2 | 19 | 52,8 | 1,97(1,00;3,89) | 0,049 |
Unknown | 1079 | 665 | 61,6 | 414 | 38,4 | 1,10(0,92;1,31) | 0,307 |
Treatment outcome | |||||||
Unknown | 520 | 324 | 62,3 | 196 | 37,7 | Ref | |
Correct | 5079 | 3123 | 61,5 | 1956 | 38,5 | 1,04(0,86;1,25) | 0,717 |
Incorrect | 247 | 99 | 40,1 | 148 | 59,9 | 2,47(1,81;3,37) | <0,001 |