Factors | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raw OR | 95 % CI | p-value | Adjusted OR | 95 % CI | p-value | |||
Sex | ||||||||
Male | ref | ref | ||||||
Female | 1.49 | 0.95 | 2.35 | 0.085 | 2.49 | 1.44 | 4.32 | 0.001 |
Age group (years) | ||||||||
18–39 | ref | |||||||
40–59 | 1.46 | 0.88 | 2.41 | 0.144 | ||||
≥ 60 | 2.24 | 1.20 | 4.16 | 0.011 | ||||
Education | 0.002 | |||||||
Tertiary or above | ref | |||||||
Secondary | 0.76 | 0.44 | 1.30 | 0.312 | ||||
Primary or below | 2.20 | 1.14 | 4.23 | 0.019 | ||||
Symptoms | ||||||||
Fever | 3.22 | 1.24 | 8.40 | 0.017 | ||||
Chills | 1.01 | 0.52 | 1.97 | 0.967 | ||||
Headache | 0.91 | 0.58 | 1.43 | 0.687 | ||||
Myalgia | 0.57 | 0.34 | 0.96 | 0.033 | ||||
Cough | 1.96 | 1.23 | 3.11 | 0.004 | 2.32 | 1.34 | 4.05 | 0.003 |
Shortness of breath | 2.68 | 1.40 | 5.13 | 0.003 | 3.11 | 1.47 | 6.61 | 0.003 |
Dizziness | 1.25 | 0.77 | 2.04 | 0.363 | ||||
Runny or stuffy nose | 2.02 | 1.27 | 3.20 | 0.003 | 1.92 | 1.14 | 3.24 | 0.014 |
Sore throat | 1.52 | 0.97 | 2.39 | 0.069 | ||||
Diarrhea | 0.76 | 0.45 | 1.28 | 0.298 | ||||
Low back pain | 1.20 | 0.77 | 1.87 | 0.427 | ||||
Chronic disease | ||||||||
Cardiovascular diseases | 3.94 | 1.38 | 11.22 | 0.010 | ||||
Chronic respiratory | 2.053 | 1.01 | 4.19 | 0.048 | ||||
Liver | 0.24 | 0.06 | 1.00 | 0.050 | ||||
Diabetes | 2.23 | 0.96 | 5.13 | 0.061 | 2.51 | 1.01 | 6.22 | 0.047 |
Flu vaccination | ||||||||
2014/2015 season | 2.07 | 1.08 | 3.95 | 0.028 | ||||
Every year in the past 3 years | 2.12 | 1.06 | 4.21 | 0.033 |