Does azithromycin given to women in labour decrease ocular bacterial infection in neonates? A double-blind, randomized trial

Table 2 Incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis reported by trial arm

Characteristic	Azithromycin arm (N = 419) n (%)	Placebo arm (N = 424) n (%)	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Purulent discharge	18 (4.3)	22 (5.2)	0.82 (0.44,1.54)	0.628
Any bacteria detected	5 (1.2)	16 (3.8)	0.31 (0.12,0.82)	0.025
Any gram-positive	4 (1.0)	14 (3.3)	0.28 (0.10,0.82)	0.029
S. aureus	4 (1.0)	12 (2.8)	0.33 (0.11,0.98)	0.074
S. pneumoniae	0 (0.0)	2 (0.5)	0.00 (0.00,1.94)	0.499
Any gram-negative	1 (0.2)	6 (1.4)	0.17 (0.00,1.06)	0.123
H. influenzae	0 (0.0)	3 (0.7)	0.00 (0.00,1.29)	0.249
M. catarrhalis	0 (0.0)	3 (0.7)	0.00 (0.00,1.29)	0.249
N. gonorrhoeae	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	1.01 (0.00, NA)	1.00
C. trachomatis	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	–	–
Bacterial co-infection^a	0 (0.0)	4 (0.9)	0.00 (0.00,0.97)	0.124

^aBacterial co-infections: (i) S. aureus and H. influenzae; (ii) S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae; (iii) S. aureus and N. gonohorreae (iv) M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae

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