Table 1 Demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes between culture-proven non-mycobacterial and rapidly growing mycobacterial (RGM) prosthetic joint infection
Culture-proven non-mycobacterial PJI (n = 111) | RGM PJI (n = 11) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD (yrs) | 63.5 ± 13.7 | 66.27 ± 9.5 | .505 |
Gender, no. (%) | |||
Male | 40 (36) | 3 (27.3) | .745 |
Female | 71 (64) | 8 (72.7) | |
BW (kg), mean ± SD | 64.3 ± 11.7 | 58.3 ± 9.9 | .104 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.6 ± 4.2 | 25.2 ± 4.0 | .798 |
BMI ≥25, no. (%) | 27/57 (47.4) | 5/8 (62.5) | .475 |
Site of PJI, no. (%) | |||
Knee | 67 (60.4) | 10 (90.9) | .053 |
Hip | 44 (39.6) | 1 (9.1) | |
Prior joint disease, no. (%) | |||
Primary degenerative | 64 (57.7) | 9 (81.8) | .197 |
Secondary degenerativea | 47 (42.3) | 2 (18.2) | |
Comorbidity, no. (%) | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 25 (22.5) | 2 (18.2) | 1.0 |
Chronic kidney disease | 12 (10.8) | 1 (9.1) | 1.0 |
Chronic lung disease | 2 (1.8) | 0(0) | 1.0 |
Chronic liver disease | 6 (5.4) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
Cardiovascular disease | 54 (48.6) | 4 (36.4) | .436 |
Malignancy | 4 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
Immnunosuppressive | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
No immnunosuppressive | 108 (97.3) | 11 (100) | |
Rheumatologic disease | 4 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 1.0 |
Duration, median (min, max) (days)b | 330 (4, 10,220) | 60 (19, 2675) | .001 |
Onset, no. (%) | |||
≤ 90 days | 19 (17.1) | 9 (81.8) | < .001 |
> 90 days | 92 (82.9) | 2 (18.2) | |
Clinical presentations, no. (%) | 110 (99.1) | 11 (100) | 1.0 |
Pain | 99 (89.2) | 10 (90.9) | 1.0 |
Loosening | 26 (23.4) | 0 (0) | .118 |
Sinus drainage | 41 (36.9) | 6 (54.5) | .333 |
Fever | 34 (30.6) | 2 (18.2) | .504 |
Radiological loosening | 36/55 (65.5) | 1/6 (16.7) | .031 |
Peripheral WBC count, median (min, max) (cell/mm3) Log WBC count, mean ± SD | 8270 (3020, 42,500) 9.1 ± 0.4 | 7220 (6320, 14,430) 9.0 ± 0.2 | .066 .215 |
Cr, median (min, max) (mg/L) | 0.8 (0.2, 4.4) | 0.8 (0.3, 1.6) | .634 |
ESR, mean ± SD (mm/h) | 89.6 ± 29.9 | 92.6 ± 29.7 | .758 |
CRP, median (min, max) (mg/L) | 46.3 (3, 401) | 50.9 (3, 117) | .733 |
Synovial fluid WBC, median (min, max) (cell/mm3) | 37,700 (3050, 300,800) | 1100 (1100, 1100) | .109 |
Periprosthetic tissue cultures, no. (%) | |||
Single isolate growth | 87 (80.6) | 11 (100) | .560 |
≥ 2 isolate growth | 12 (11.1) | 0 (0) | |
No growth | 9 (8.3) | 0 (0) | |
Initial ATB therapy, no. (%) | |||
Appropriate | 52 (47.7) | 0 (0) | .005 |
Inappropriate | 57 (52.3) | 11 (100) | |
Duration, median (min, max) (days) | 47 (6, 270) | 42 (14, 129) | .272 |
Maintenance oral ATB therapy, no. (%) | |||
Single | 62 (75.6) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
Combined | 20 (24.4) | 11 (100) | |
Duration, median (min, max) (days) | 134 (14, 605) | 365 (60, 910) | .025 |
Surgical treatment, no. (%) | |||
Retention of prosthesis | 19 (17.8) | 1 (9.1) | .688 |
Removal of prosthesis | 88 (82.2) | 10 (90.9) | |
Outcomes at 6 months, no. (%) | |||
Favorable | 69 (79.3) | 6 (66.7) | .405 |
Unfavorable | 18 (20.7) | 3 (33.3) | |
Outcomes at 12 months, no. (%) | |||
Favorable | 58 (77.3) | 5 (83.3) | 1.0 |
Unfavorable | 17 (22.7) | 1 (16.7) | |