Table 1 Patient characteristics with and without metabolic syndrome

Age, year

45 ± 3

44 ± 6

46 ± 5

45 ± 4

47 ± 5

47 ± 4

Men, %

69

28

29

50

13

25

Body mass, kg

67.8 ± 11.8

64.7 ± 9.7

58.5 ± 11.5^a

81.1 ± 10.6^c

71.2 ± 12.7^c

75.0 ± 15.6^c

BMI, kg/m²

24.8 ± 4.2

24.3 ± 3.9

22.5 ± 4.1^a

30.4 ± 4.6^c

26.7 ± 3.2^c

28.9 ± 4.1^c

Body fat, %

32 ± 9

35 ± 7

33 ± 8

38 ± 5^c

40 ± 4^c

40 ± 4^c

Waist circumference, cm

85 ± 10

81 ± 7

81 ± 11

95 ± 8^c

92 ± 9^c

98 ± 6^c

Systolic BP, mmHg

124 ± 12

126 ± 9

120 ± 11

135 ± 7^c

135 ± 13^c

131 ± 18^c

Diastolic BP, mmHg

74 ± 7

76 ± 5

74 ± 8

79 ± 3^c

79 ± 6

79 ± 6^c

LDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

2.9 ± 0.9

2.5 ± 0.8

2.7 ± 1.0

3.1 ± 0.7

2.8 ± 1.1

3.2 ± 0.9

HDL-cholesterol, mmol/l

1.2 ± 0.4

1.1 ± 0.5

1.4 ± 0.6^b

1.0 ± 0.6

0.8 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1.1 ± 0.7

1.0 ± 0.4

1.4 ± 1.1

2.3 ± 1.5^c

1.3 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 1.2

Glucose, mmol/l

4.7 ± 0.6

4.5 ± 0.7

4.8 ± 0.6

5.0 ± 0.7

4.8 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.7

CD4 at enrollment, cells/μL

–

665 ± 142

289 ± 46^b

–

666 ± 120

302 ± 41^b

CD4 (most recent), cells/μL

–

493 ± 250^d

494 ± 229^d

–

430 ± 255^d

480 ± 189^d

Months of HIV-1 infection, median

–

21.5

29.3^b

–

20.6

39.8^b

Months cART, median

–

–

24.0

–

–

30.9