Triage label | Description of triage approach | Sensitivity | Specificity | Additional cost per testb |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1- Base case | No triage | |||
T2- Cough 1 week | Respiratory symptom of cough > 1 week [18] | 88% | 19% | US$0 |
T3 Cough 3 weeks | Respiratory symptom of cough > 3 weeks [18] | 61% | 51% | US$0 |
T4- Clinical Score | Scorecard based on aggregating scores assigned to respiratory symptoms including chest pain, cough, sputum expectoration, hemoptysis, night sweats, fever, shortness of breath and weight loss [18]. | 83% | 52% | US$2 |
T5- ANN | Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based on using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) approach [19] to infer the probability of a patient having active pulmonary-TB from personal data and clinical symptoms i.e. age, gender, cough, fever, weight loss, smoker, night sweats, hospitalisation, chest pain, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. | 98%a | 32%a | US$2 |
T6- TPP (optimal) | A theoretical optimal target product profile (TPP) as proposed by Denkinger et al. [21] | 95% | 80% | US$2 |
T7- TPP (minimal) | A theoretical target product profile (TPP) with the minimum characteristics required to be useful as proposed by Denkinger et al. [21] | 90% | 70% | US$2 |