Antibiotics | Microorganisms | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S. pneumoniae (n = 4) | S. epidermidis (n = 8) | GBS (n = 9) | E. coli (n = 12) | |||||
MIC range (μg/ml) | No. of resistant strains | MIC range (μg/ml) | No. of resistant strains | MIC range (μg/ml) | No. of resistant strains | MIC range (μg/ml) | No. of resistant strains | |
Penicillin | ||||||||
 amoxicillin | ≤ 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
 ampicillin | – | – | – | – | ≤ 0.25 | 0 | ≤ 2- ≥ 32 | 9 |
 oxacillin | – | – | ≥ 4 | 8 | – | – | – | – |
 penicillin | ≤ 0.06- ≥ 2 | 3 | ≥ 0.5 | 8 | ≤ 0.12 | 0 |  | – |
Cephalosporins | ||||||||
 cefazolin | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 4- ≥ 64 | 6 |
 cefepime | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 1- ≥ 64 | 2 |
 ceftazidime | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 1–16 | 3 |
 ceftriaxone | ≤ 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | ≤ 1- ≥ 64 | 6 |
Glycopeptide | ||||||||
 vancomycin | – | – | ≤ 2 | 0 | ≤ 0.5 | 0 | – | – |
Aminoglycoside | ||||||||
 gentamicin | – | – | ≤ 0.5 | 0 | – | – | ≤ 1- ≥ 16 | 4 |
Tetracycline | ||||||||
 tetracycline | 4- ≥ 16 | 3 | ≤ 2 | 0 | ≥ 16 | 9 | – | – |
Fluoroquinolone | ||||||||
 ciprofloxacin | – | – | ≤ 2 | 0 | ≤ 0.5 | 0 | ≤ 0.25- ≥ 4 | 5 |
 levofloxacin | ≤ 1 | 0 | ≤ 2 | 0 | ≤ 1 | 0 | ≤ 0.25- ≥ 8 | 5 |
Lincosamide | ||||||||
 clindamycin | – | – | ≤ 0.25- ≥ 8 | 3 | ≥ 0.5 | 9 | – | – |
Folate pathway inhibitor | ||||||||
 trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | 20–80 | 3 | ≤ 10- ≥ 320 | 5 | – | – | ≤ 20- ≥ 320 | 8 |
β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor | ||||||||
 ampicillin/sulbactam | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 2- ≥ 32 | 6 |
Monobactam | ||||||||
 aztreonam | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 1- ≥ 64 | 3 |
Carbapenem | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 imipenem | – | – | – | – | – | – | ≤ 1 | 0 |