Table 4 Predictors of in-hospital all-cause mortality among adult patients with community-acquired sepsis by survival group
Parametersa | Survival (n = 184) | Exitus (n = 30) | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |||
Age (years, median ± IQR, min–max) | 58.4 ± 34.0 (18–93) | 66.7 ± 21.0 (26–90) | 0.98 (0.96–1.01) | 0.06 | – | – |
Male gender | 76 (41.3) | 16 (53.3) | 1.62 (0.75–3.52) | 0.22 | 6.35 (1.24–32.51) | 0.03 |
Arterial hypertension | 109 (59.2) | 23 (76.7) | 2.22 (0.9–5.26) | 0.09 | – | – |
Chronic heart disease | 78 (42.4) | 16 (53.3) | 1.56 (0.72–3.45) | 0.27 |  |  |
Chronic lung disease | 25 (13.6) | 9 (30.0) | 2.7 (1.11–6.66) | 0.03 | – | – |
Chronic kidney disease | 43 (23.4) | 7 (23.3) | 1.0 (0.4–2.49) | 0.99 |  |  |
Chronic liver disease | 44 (23.9) | 11 (36.7) | 1.85 (0.81–4.17) | 0.14 |  |  |
Diabetes mellitus | 52 (28.3) | 9 (30.0) | 1.09 (0.13–2.56) | 0.85 |  |  |
Malignancy | 20 (10.9) | 2 (6.7) | 0.59 (0.13–2.63) | 0.49 |  |  |
Corticosteroid use | 14 (7.6) | 3 (10.0) | 1.35 (0.36–5.0) | 0.65 |  |  |
Immunosuppression | 46 (25.0) | 11 (36.7) | 1.72 (0.76–3.85) | 0.19 |  |  |
Cerebrovascular disease | 44 (23.9) | 14 (46.7) | 2.78 (1.27–6.25) | 0.01 | – | – |
Intravenous drug use | 7 (3.8) | 0 | n.a. | n.a. | Â | Â |
Excess alcohol use | 33 (17.9) | 12 (40.0) | 3.0 (1.33–7.14) | 0.01 | – | – |
No. of comorbidities (per patient, median ± IQR, min–max) | 3.0 ± 3.0 (0–8) | 4.0 ± 2.0 (0–7) | 1.32 (1.06–1.61) | 0.08 | – | – |
Charlson score (median ± IQR, min–max) | 4.0 ± 5.3 (0–12) | 6.0 ± 4.8 (0–9) | 1.11 (0.98–1.28) | 0.09 | – | – |
Absence of fever at diagnosis | 14 (7.6) | 8 (26.7) | 4.42 (1.67–11.71) | 0.01 | 7.35 (1.1–51.8) | 0.04 |
Presence of shock at diagnosis | 35 (19.0) | 26 (86.7) | 27.78 (9.09–83.3) | < 0.01 | 33.93 (6.72–141.47) | < 0.01 |
Identifiable source of sepsis | 163 (88.6) | 27 (90.0) | 1.16 (0.32–4.17) | 0.82 | – | – |
Source control | 36 (19.6) | 3 (10.0) | 0.46 (0.13–1.59) | 0.22 | 0.09 (0.01–0.63) | 0.02 |
Rate of bacteraemia | 92 (50.0) | 17 (56.7) | 1.29 (0.59–2.86) | 0.49 | – | – |
Need for ICU admittance | 36 (19.6) | 22 (73.3) | 11.11 (4.55–25.0) | < 0.01 | 8.39 (1.67–42.05) | 0.01 |
Need for supportive therapy | 63 (34.2) | 24 (80.0) | 7.69 (2.94–20.0) | < 0.01 | – | – |
Duration of antibiotic therapy (days, median ± IQR, min–max) | 11.0 ± 4.0 (1–50) | 6.5 ± 12.8 (1–30) | 1.09 (1.02–1.19) | 0.01* | n.a. |  |
Adequate empirical antimicrobial therapy | 164 (89.1) | 26 (86.7) | 0.71 (0.22–2.27) | 0.56 | – | – |
Escalation of antimicrobial therapy | 28 (15.2) | 8 (26.7) | 2.0 (0.81–5.0) | 0.13 | – | – |
De-escalation of antimicrobial therapy | 27 (14.7) | 3 (10.0) | 0.64 (0.18–2.27) | 0.48 | 0.14 (0.02–1.06) | 0.04 |
Empirical antimicrobial combinations | 37 (20.1) | 8 (26.7) | 1.42 (0.59–3.45) | 0.43 |  |  |
Penicillins as empirical choice | 22 (12.0) | 4 (13.3) | 1.13 (0.36–3.57) | 0.83 |  |  |
Cephalosporins as empirical choice | 129 (70.1) | 24 (80.0) | 1.69 (0.74–4.35) | 0.38 |  |  |
Carbapenems as empirical choice | 13 (7.1) | 3 (10.0) | 1.47 (0.39–5.56) | 0.57 |  |  |