Symptoms and severity | EIECa, b (n = 32) | Shigella spp.a (n = 254) | Univariate model, p-value | Multivariate model, p-value | Culture +/ PCR + a, b (n = 244) | Culture - / PCR + (n = 167) | Univariate model, p-value | Multivariate model, p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blood in stool (% present) | 16 | 39 | 0.005 | 0.051 | 39 | 38 | 0.901 | 0.679 |
Mucus in stool (% present) | 47 | 58 | 0.222 | 0.290 | 58 | 54 | 0.508 | 0.688 |
Abdominal pain (% present) | 59 | 74 | 0.082 | 0.108 | 75 | 71 | 0.330 | 0.945 |
Abdominal cramps (% present) | 72 | 82 | 0.194 | 0.115 | 82 | 83 | 0.662 | 0.310 |
Nausea (% present) | 56 | 44 | 0.209 | 0.568 | 45 | 54 | 0.066 | 0.041 |
Headache (% present) | 22 | 33 | 0.187 | 0.052 | 32 | 40 | 0.108 | 0.086 |
Fever (% present) | 47 | 60 | 0.164 | 0.248 | 59 | 56 | 0.582 | 0.420 |
When fever, duration in days (median (IQR)) | 3 (2.5–4.5) | 2 (1–4) | 0.334 | 0.165 | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.802 | 0.698 |
When fever, maximum temperature (mean ± sd) | 40.0 ± 0.7 | 39.4 ± 0.9 | 0.063 | 0.413 | 39.4 ± 0.9 | 39.2 ± 0.8 | 0.084 | 0.179 |
Diarrhea (% present) | 97 | 97 | 0.907 | 0.776 | 98 | 99 | 0.349 | 0.303 |
When diarrhea, duration in days (median (IQR)) | 14 (7–19.5) | 10 (6–14) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 9.5 (6–14) | 14 (8–24) | <0.001 | 0.001 |
When diarrhea, frequency in 24H (median (IQR)) | 8 (6–14) | 9 (6–15) | 0.855 | 0.796 | 10 (6–15) | 10 (6–16) | 0.486 | 0.185 |
Vomiting (% present) | 28 | 28 | 0.979 | 0.809 | 29 | 37 | 0.073 | 0.026 |
When vomiting, duration in days (median (IQR)) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–3) | 0.508 | 0.929 | 1 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.033 | 0.167 |
When vomiting, frequency in 24H (median (IQR)) | 3 (2–8) | 2 (1–4) | 0.166 | 0.001 | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–5.8) | 0.525 | 0.027 |
Total number of symptoms (median (IQR)) | 4 (3.0–5.3) | 5 (4–6) | 0.006 | 0.006 | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–6) | 0.519 | 0.104 |
Severity scores: | ||||||||
- de Wit et al. (mean ± sd) | 6.4 ± 2.6 | 7.5 ± 2.7 | 0.033 | 0.045 | 7.5 ± 2.7 | 7.7 ± 2.7 | 0.380 | 0.132 |
- Modified vesikari (mean ± sd) | 7.4 ± 3.3 | 7.3 ± 2.8 | 0.852 | 0.943 | 7.3 ± 2.8 | 7.9 ± 2.8 | 0.028 | 0.007 |