Table 1 Statistical analysis for risk factors of hospital-acquired C. difficile infection (HA-CDI) in AAD patients
Variable | HA-CDI (n = 38) No.(%) | Non-C. difficile AAD (n = 84) No.(%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P value | OR | P value | OR(95%CI) | |||
Demographic data | ||||||
 Male gender | 28(73.7) | 62(73.8) | 0.988 | 1.006 |  |  |
 Elderly(≥65 years) | 23(60.5) | 37(44.0) | 0.795 | 0.949 |  |  |
 Admission to ICU | 16(42.1) | 38(45.2) | 0.747 | 0.931 |  |  |
Comorbidities | ||||||
 Chronic kidney diseases | 12(31.6) | 12(14.3) | 0.026* | 2.211 | 0.030* | 4.275 (1.154–15.839) |
 Coronary heart disease | 3(7.9) | 5(6.0) | 0.703 | 1.326 |  |  |
 Diabetes mellitus | 8(21.1) | 16(19.0) | 0.796 | 1.105 |  |  |
 Hypertension | 13(34.2) | 30(35.7) | 0.872 | 0.958 |  |  |
 Hepatic disease | 12(31.6) | 15(17.9) | 0.091 | 1.768 |  |  |
 Malignancy | 7(18.4) | 15(17.9) | 0.940 | 1.032 |  |  |
 Surgery in the past 6 months | 16(42.1) | 16(19.0) | 0.007* | 2.211 |  |  |
Diagnosis on admission | ||||||
 Hypoalbuminaemia | 25(65.8.) | 16(19.0) | 0.000* | 3.454 |  |  |
 Urinary tract infection | 5(13.2) | 8(9.5) | 0.541 | 1.382 |  |  |
 Pulmonary infection | 22(57.9) | 25(29.8) | 0.003* | 1.945 |  |  |
 Bloodstream infection | 2(5.3) | 7(8.3) | 0.719 | 0.632 |  |  |
Medication prior to the onset of diarrhea during hospitalization | ||||||
 Glucocorticoids | 12(31.6) | 21(25.0) | 0.449 | 1.263 |  |  |
 Chemotherapy | 7(18.4) | 3(3.6) | 0.010* | 5.158 |  |  |
 PPIs | 20(52.6) | 64(76.2) | 0.009* | 0.691 |  |  |
 Penicillin | 17(44.7) | 41(48.8) | 0.677 | 0.917 |  |  |
 Cephalosporins | 23(60.5) | 10(11.9) | 0.000* | 5.084 | 0.000* | 8.840 (2.807–27.836) |
 Carbapenems | 16(42.1) | 39(46.4) | 0.677 | 0.907 |  |  |
 Aminoglycosides | 5(13.2) | 7(8.3) | 0.513 | 1.579 |  |  |
 Fluoroquinolones | 5(13.2) | 15(17.9) | 0.605 | 0.737 |  |  |
 Glycopeptides | 15(39.5) | 30(35.7) | 0.690 | 1.105 |  |  |
 Metronidazole | 13(34.2) | 9(10.7) | 0.020* | 3.193 |  |  |