From: Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review
Country (region) | MTB phenotype (number of cases) | MTB lineage (clustered/total isolates) | Transmission dynamics (nosocomial and/or outbreak) | HIV/TB coinfectiona (%) | Genotyping method | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benin (Cotonou) | S mono-resistant TB (17) | Lineage 2/Beijing (17/194) | Community outbreak | 6/17 (35%) | MIRU-VNTR | [19] |
Mali (Bamako) | XDR-TB(3) | Lineage 4 (3) | Nosocomial transmission | 1/2 (50%) | MIRU-VNTR, Spoligotyping | [15] |
South Africa (KZN) | XDR-TB (148) | Lineage 4 (53/148) | Nosocomial transmission | 123/126 (98%) | DNA sequencing, IS6110-RFLP, Spoligotyping | [88] |
South Africa (KZN) | MDR-TB (3) | Lineage 4 /F15/LAM4/KZN (3/3) | Nosocomial transmission | HIV status of clustered isolates not defined | IS6110-RFLP | [89] |
South Africa (North-Western) | I mono-resistant TB (13/128) Poly-resistant TB (7/128) MDR-TB (108/128) Pre-XDR-TB (26/108) XDR-TB (5/108) | Lineage Not specified (74/128) | Community outbreak and nosocomial transmission | 84/91 (92%) | DNA sequencing, IS6110-RFLP, MIRU-VNTR, Spoligotyping | [82] |
South Africa (Western Cape) | MDR-TB (209) | L2/Beijing (62/209) | Community outbreak | Not specified | DNA sequencing, IS6110-RFLP, MIRU-VNTR, Spoligotyping | [59] |
South Africa (Western Cape) | MDR-TB (21) | L2/Beijing (16/21) | Community outbreak | 0% | IS6110-RFLP | [60] |
Tunisia | MDR-TB (21) | Lineage 4/Haarlem3 (19/21) | Community outbreak | 0% | IS6110-RFLP, Spoligotyping | [65] |