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Table 1 Eligibility criteria

From: Ultrasound in managing extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled two-center study

Inclusion

criteria

- Adult (≥18 years)

- Documented HIV status (HIV- positive and HIV- negative)

- Suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis*:

presence of ≥1 sign or symptom of the following:

• Fever of any duration,

• Night sweat during 3 weeks within the last 4 weeks

• Weight loss

AND

presence of ≥1 sign or symptom of the following:

• Nuchal, cervical, axillary or generalized lymphadenopathy

• Abdominal pain or ascites

• Neurological symptoms (reduced consciousness, confusion, stiff neck, focal signs, persisting headache)

• Presence of severe anaemia (hemoglobin < 8 g/dl) in an HIV infected patient under antiretroviral treatment

• Local pain and spinal deformity, or arthritis suggesting spinal or osteoarticular tuberculosis

• Painless hematuria or sterile pyuria, scrotal nodules or epididymal Hardening, or salpingitis suggesting urogenital tuberculosis

• Chest x-ray with signs of miliary pattern, pleural effusion or suspected pericardial effusion

AND

No other obvious explanation for these signs

* with or without concomitant signs of pulmonary tuberculosis (i.e cough or chest x-ray with upper lobe infiltrate, cavernous lesion)

Exclusion

criteria

- Pregnancy

- Patients already on anti-tuberculosis treatment

- Refusal to participate or sign informed consent

- Not available for follow-up visits