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Table 6 Results of the univariable and multivariable analyses for Nepal and global Moran’s I of the residuals of the multivariable models

From: Finding gaps in TB notifications: spatial analysis of geographical patterns of TB notifications, associations with TB program efforts and social determinants of TB risk in Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan

 

Univariable

Non-spatial multivariable a

Spatial multivariable b

Covariate

B

CI

B

CI

B

CI

Constant

–

–

    

Facility density

− 0.29***

− 0.42 – − 0.16

− 0.19

− 0.39 - 0

− 0.19*

− 0.37 - -0.01

Sex ratio

0.99

−0.18 – 2.18

1.56*

0.31–2.83

1.54**

0.40–2.69

Treatment success rate

−5.19***

−6.95 – −3.40

− 3.66***

−5.38 - -1.91

−3.68***

−5.27 - -2.08

Stunting

−1.83***

−2.83 – − 0.83

− 1.89*

− 3.27 - -0.48

− 1.88**

−3.15 - -0.60

Bacteriologically diagnosed

− 0.63

−1.45 – 0.18

− 0.32

− 1.06 - 0.43

−0.31

− 0.99 - 0.37

Population density

0.03***

0.01–0.05

0

−0.02 - 0.01

0

−0.02 - 0.01

Migrant distribution

−0.43

− 2.52 – 1.71

−1.31

−3.59 - 1.02

− 1.36

− 3.47 - 0.8

Literacy rate

0.04

−0.97 – 1.05

1.21

−0.16 - 2.6

1.16

−0.11 - 2.44

Under-five mortality rate

0.45

−0.68 – 1.60

    

Poverty headcount ratio

−0.89*

−1.57 – − 0.04

57.39

−41.65 - 324.53

50.99

−39.55 - 277.15

Ageing index

−1.07

−2.79 – 0.67

−0.58

−3.28 - 2.19

−0.56

−3.06 - 2.01

Miners

−20.88*

−35.76 – − 2.54

    

Vaccination coverage

−1.29

−3.48 – 0.95

− 1.2

− 3.45 - 1.1

−1.23

−3.29 - 0.88

Global Moran’s I of the residuals

  

0.17

 

−0.02

 

P-value of global Moran’s I

  

0.01

 

0.44

 
  1. aGeneralized linear multivariable model for the natural logarithm of the TB case notification rate; not adjusted for spatial autocorrelation
  2. bSimultaneous autoregressive multivariable model for the natural logarithm of the TB case notification rate; adjusted for spatial autocorrelation
  3. All coefficients (B) are exponentiated and reflect percentage change in TB case notification rate
  4. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001