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Table 2 Comparison of clincial and laboratory characteristics of RSV and FLU patients receiving antibiotics (AB+) to those not receiving antibiotics (AB-); median and interquartile range are indicated for continuous variables

From: Antibiotic utilization in hospitalized children under 2 years of age with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus infection – a comparative, retrospective analysis

Variables

RSV

AB+

RSV

AB-

p-values

FLU

AB+

FLU

AB-

p-values

N (%)

136/476 (28.6%)

340/476 (71.4%)

 

21/95 (22.1%)

74/95 (77.9%)

 

Male

76/136 (55.1%)

193/340 (56.8%)

ns

11/21 (52.4%)

44/74 (59.5%)

ns

Age, months

6 (2–12)

3 (2–7)

0.0025

14 (9–18)

11 (5–17.8)

ns

Duration of illness, days

4 (2–5)

3 (2–5)

ns

3 (2–5.3)

2 (2–4)

ns

Fever (≥38.0 °C)

124/136 (91.2%)

206/340 (60.6%)

< 0.0001

20/21 (95.2%)

73/74 (98.6%)

ns

Body temperature on admission, °C

38.0 (37.4–38.8)

37.4 (37.0–38.1)

< 0.0001

38.2 (37.7–39-4)

38.4 (37.4–39.3)

ns

Peak body temperature, °C

39.2 (38.8–39.8)

38.2 (37.5–39.2)

< 0.0001

40.0 (39.4–40.1)

39.8 (39.1–40.0)

ns

Oxygen saturation at admission, %

96 (93–98)

97 (95–98)

0.0019

97 (93.3–98.3)

98 (97–100)

ns

Minimal oxygen saturation, %

89 (88–92)

91 (88–95)

< 0.0001

90 (87.8–95.3)

96 (95–98)

ns

Need for intensive care

13/136 (9.6%)

3/340 (0.9%)

< 0.0001

1/21 (4.8%)

0/74

ns

Length of stay, days

6 (5–8.3)

5 (3–7)

< 0.0001

6 (5–8.5)

5 (3–7)

0.0003

Blood culture obtained

71/136 (52.2%)

94/340 (27.6%)

< 0.0001

12/21 (57.1%)

42/74 (56.8%)

ns

CRP on admission, mg/L

26.9 (9.7–51.2)

4.3 (0–10.6)

< 0.0001

23.1 (5.9–58.4)

4.9 (0–13.0)

< 0.0001

Peak CRP, mg/L

40.5 (19.2–61.5)

7.9 (4.5–14.4)

< 0.0001

54.9 (11.7–76.8)

9.4 (4.2–14.2)

< 0.0001

WBC on admission, 109/L

11.6 (8.5–15.2)

10.5 (8.5–12.7)

ns

9.9 (7.6–12.0)

10.9 (7.1–13.7)

ns

Chest radiography performed

82/136 (60.3%)

53/340 (15.6%)

< 0.0001

11/21 (52.4%)

7/74 (9.5%)

< 0.0001

Infiltrate on chest radiogram

48/82 (58.5%)

24/53 (45.3%)

ns

8/11 (72.7%)

5/7 (71.4%)

ns

Preexisting antibiotic therapy

19/136 (14.0%)

13/340 (3.8%)

0.0002

6/21 (13.7%)

8/74 (3.9%)

ns

Well appearance

1/136 (0.7%)

31/340 (9.1%)

0.0004

2/21 (9.5%)

4/74 (5.4%)

ns

Ill appearance

60/136 (44.1%)

185/340 (54.4%)

0.0536

12/21 (57.1%)

50/74 (67.6%)

ns

Septic appearance

66/136 (48.5%)

102/340 (30%)

0.0002

6/21 (28.6%)

17/74 (23.0%)

ns

Acute otitis media

36/136 (26.5%)

34/340 (10%)

< 0.0001

12/21 (57.1%)

21/74 (28.4%)

0.0199

Upper respiratory tract infection

0/136 (0%)

0/340 (0%)

ns

5/21 (23.8%)

42/74 (56.8%)

0.0123

Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis

31/136 (22.5%)

207/340 (60.9%)

< 0.0001

1/21 (4.8%)

5/74 (6.8%)

ns

Pneumonia

106/136 (76.8%)

133/340 (39.1%)

< 0.0001

11/21 (52.4%)

10/74 (13.5%)

0.0005

Fever of unknown origin

0/136 (0%)

0/340 (0%)

ns

4/21 (19.0%)

17/74 (23.0%)

ns

Oxygen therapy

109/136 (80.1%)

204/340 (60%)

< 0.0001

12/21 (57.1%)

11/74 (14.9%)

0.0002

Length of oxygen therapy, days

3 (2–6)

2 (0–4)

< 0.0001

1 (0–6)

0

0.0002