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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of CABM cases according to the etiological agents

From: Retrospective analysis of the etiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in the University Infectious Diseases Centre in Lithuania

Characteristic

N. meningitidis meningitis (n = 55)

S. pneumoniae meningitis

(n = 15)

L. monocytogenes meningitis

(n = 5)

Other (n = 5)

Meningitis of unknown origin (n = 79)

Total

(n = 159)

P value

Age — years median (IQR)

28 (21–50)

49 (40–64)

54 (37–81)

33 (30.5–36)

36 (23–60)

36 (24–56)

0.019

Male sex — no. (%)

27 (49.1)

8 (53.3)

1 (20.0)

5 (100.0)

41 (51.9)

82 (51.6)

0.155

Route of acquisition, n (%)

 Unknown

53 (96.4)

11 (73.3)

5 (100.0)

5 (100.0)

77 (97.5)

151 (95.0)

0.045

 Otitis

1 (1.8)

3 (20.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (2.5)

6 (3.8)

 

 Sinusitis

1 (1.8)

1 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0)

2 (1.3)

 

Headache, n (%)

50 (90.9)

10 (66.7)

4 (80.0)

4 (80.0)

66 (83.5)

134 (84.3)

0.160

Fever ≥38 °C, n (%)

39 (70.9)

9 (60.0)

3 (60.0)

4 (80.0)

54 (68.4)

109 (68.6)

0.876

Nausea, n (%)

26 (47.3)

10 (66.7)

5 (100.0)

3 (60.0)

44 (55.7)

88 (55.3)

0.181

Vertigo, n (%)

11 (20.0)

2 (13.3)

2 (40.0)

3 (60.0)

25 (31.6)

43 (27.0)

0.122

Seizures, n (%)

4 (7.3)

1 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.3)

6 (3.8)

0.326

Hemorrhagic rash, n (%)

36 (65.5)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

31 (39.2)

67 (42.1)

< 0.001

Neck stiffness, n (%)

39 (72.2)

9 (60.0)

4 (80.0)

4 (80.0)

72 (91.1)

128 (81.0)

0.007

Clinical triad, n (%)

38 (69.1)

6 (40.0)

3 (60.0)

2 (40.0)

45 (56.9)

94 (59.1)

0.1066

Comorbidities, n (%)

 • Cardiovascular disease

9 (16.4)

4 (26.7)

2 (40.0)

1 (20.0)

21 (26.6)

37 (23.3)

0.477

 • Diabetes mellitus

1 (1.8)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.3)

2 (1.3) (5.0)

> 0.999

 • Othera

7 (12.7)

3 (20.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

12 (15.2)

22 (13.8)

0.867

  1. aOther comorbidities: alcoholism (n = 3 (1.8%)), a history of cancer (n = 1 (0.6%)), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 1 (0.6%)), cerebrovascular disease (n = 11 (6.9%)), opioid addiction (n = 2 (1.2%)), multiple sclerosis (n = 1 (0.6%)), hepatitis C (n = 2 (1.2%)), and gastrointestinal disease (n = 1 (0.6%))