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Table 3 Vaccine effectiveness outcomes

From: Safety and effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccination during pregnancy: a systematic review

Study

Design

Intervention/ control

Study population

Pertussis cases

Non-cases /controls

unadjusted effect estimate (95%CI)

adjusted effect estimate (95%CI)

N

Cases with vaccinated mothers

N

Non-cases with vaccinated mothers

n

%

n

%

Prevention of laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–2 months

 Amirthalingam et al., 2014 [43]

CS, screening method

dTaP-IPV/no vaccination

26,684

71

11

14

  

61

VE = 90% (82–95)

NR

 Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16]

CS, screening method

dTaP-IPV/no vaccination

72,781

192

31

16

  

64

VE = 90% (86–93)

NR

 Baxter et al., 2017 [44]

CS

Tdap/no vaccination

148,981

17

1

6

148,964

68,167

46

IRR = 0.08 (0.00–0.43);

VE = 87%

91% (20–99)

 Dabrera et al., 2015 [47]

CCS

dTaP-IPV/no vaccination

113

58

10

17

55

39

71

OR: 0.09 (0.03–0.23)

VE = 91% (77–97)

93% (81–97)

 Skoff et al., 2017 [49]

CCS

Tdap/no vaccination

775

240

17

7

535

90

17

VE = 62%

78% (48–90)

 Becker-Dreps et al., 2018 [45]

CS

Tdap/no vaccination

632,825

112

7

0.01

632,713

90,438

0.02

HR: 0.33 (0.12–0.90);

VE: 67%

HR: 0.54 (0.19–1.59); VE: 46%

Prevention of laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–3 months

 Amirthalingam et al., 2014 [43]

CS, screening method

dTaP-IPV/no vaccination

26,684

82

12

15

  

62

VE = 91% (84–95)

NR

 Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16]

CS, screening method

dTaP-IPV/no vaccination

72,781

243

35

14

  

65

VE = 91% (88–94)

NR

 Bellido-Blasco et al., 2017 [46]

CCS

Tdap/no vaccination

88

22

5

23

66

41

62

OR: 0.08 (0.017–0.371)

91% (57–98)

 Saul et al., 2017 [48]

CCS

Tdap/no vaccination

96

48

19

40

48

33

69

OR: 0.36 = VE: 64%

69% (13–89)

Prevention of hospitalization due to laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–2 and 0–3 months, respectively (percentage of lab-confirmed cases unclear in the study by Becker-Dreps et al.)

 Saul et al., 2017 [48]

CCS (age ≤ 3 months)

Tdap/no vaccination

74

37

  

37

  

OR: 0.16 (0.05–0.53)

OR: 0.06 (0.01–0.41);

VE: 94% (59–99)

 Skoff et al., 2017 [49]

CCS (age ≤ 2 months)

Tdap/no vaccination

6252

157

  

535

  

NR

2nd trimester: 91% (25–99) 3rd trimester: 91% (65–97)

 Becker-Dreps et al., 2018 [45]

CS (age ≤ 2 months)

Tdap/no vaccination

632,825

80

4

0.00

632,745

90,441

0.01

HR = 0.23 (0.06–0.96)

VE: 77%

HR = 0.34 (0.08–1.50)

VE: 66%

Prevention of death due to laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–3 months

 Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16]

CS, screening method

dTaP-IPV/ No vaccination

243

11

1

9

232

158

68

VE = 95% (79–100)

NR

  1. CCS case-control-study, CS cohort study, HR hazard ratio, IRR incident rate ratio, NR not reported, OR odds ratio, VE vaccine effectiveness, Tdap tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine, Tdap-IPV tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis-inactivated polio-vaccine