Variables | CMV N = 162 | IFV N = 65 | Non-IFV N = 79 | ≥two viruses N = 64 | P-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female, n (%) | 59 (36.4) | 18 (27.7) | 30 (38.0) | 20 (31.3) | 0.509 |
Age, median (IQR), years | 60.0 (47.0, 68.3) | 63.0 (54.0, 69.0) | 59.0 (47.0, 68.0) | 60.0 (50.3, 67.0) | 0.616 |
Symptoms and signs, n (%) | |||||
 Fever | 138 (85.2) | 48 (73.9) | 48 (60.8) | 42 (65.6) | < 0.001 |
 Cough | 138 (85.2) | 63 (96.9) | 79 (100.0) | 62 (96.9) | < 0.001 |
 Expectoration | 122 (75.3) | 63 (96.9) | 77 (97.5) | 60 (93.8) | < 0.001 |
 Dyspnea | 108 (66.7) | 43 (66.2) | 51 (64.6) | 43 (67.2) | 0.987 |
Underlying Diseases, n (%) | |||||
 Connective tissue disease | 69 (42.6) | 19 (29.2) | 21 (26.6) | 25 (39.1) | 0.054 |
 Interstitial lung disease | 61 (37.7) | 31 (47.7) | 43 (54.4) | 30 (46.9) | 0.084 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 43 (26.5) | 18 (27.7) | 22 (27.9) | 20 (31.3) | 0.917 |
 Tumor | 19 (11.7) | 7 (10.8) | 11 (13.9) | 4 (6.3) | 0.524 |
 Bronchial asthma | 6 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.050 |
 COPD | 13 (8.0) | 6 (9.2) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (3.1) | 0.311 |
 Leukemia | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 4 (5.1) | 1 (1.6) | 0.114 |
 Lymphoma | 5 (3.1) | 2 (3.1) | 5 (6.3) | 4 (6.3) | 0.535 |
 After bone marrow or HSCT | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (3.1) | 0.490 |
 Nephrotic syndrome or chronic glomerulonephritis | 36 (22.2) | 2 (3.1) | 4 (5.1) | 4 (6.3) | < 0.001 |
 Solid organ transplant | 7 (4.3) | 17 (26.2) | 23 (29.1) | 13 (20.3) | < 0.001 |
 Cirrhosis | 0 (0) | 3 (4.6) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.6) | 0.059 |
Laboratory examination | |||||
 White blood cell, ×109/L (IQR) | 8.50 (5.70, 12.52) | 7.95 (5.08, 11.07) | 7.57 (5.69, 11.47) | 8.50 (6.35, 11.45) | 0.587 |
 Neutrophils, ×109/L (IQR) | 7.08 (4.52, 10.94) | 6.80 (3.80, 9.24) | 5.69 (3.51, 8.81) | 6.90 (4.86, 9.77) | 0.081 |
 Lymphocyte, × 109/L (IQR) | 0.73 (0.41, 1.40) | 0.81 (0.41, 1.31) | 1.11 (0.60, 1.83) | 0.80 (0.45, 1.32) | 0.048 |
 Persistent lymphocytopenia | 84 (51.9) | 32 (49.2) | 28 (35.4) | 33 (51.6) | 0.097 |
 D-Dimer, mg/L | 1.78 (0.78, 3.08) | 1.52 (0.58, 3.09) | 1.12 (0.55, 2.68) | 1.34 (0.60, 2.57) | 0.288 |
 Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 395.5 (255.8, 590.0) | 325.0 (228.0, 482.0) | 300.0 (206.0, 430.0) | 386.0 (276.0, 553.9) | 0.007 |
 Oxygenation index | 184.2 (113.5, 286.0) | 285.7 (154.1375.9) | 244.1 (96.3, 277.1) | 122.4 (92.5, 272.8) | 0.067 |
Severe pneumonia index score | 75.0 (58.0, 107.0) | 79.0 (60.0, 99.0) | 79.0 (61.0, 104.0) | 80.5 (57.8, 105.3) | 0.508 |
CURB65 score > 1 | 55 (34.0) | 25 (38.5) | 19 (24.1) | 18 (28.1) | 0.234 |
Imaging features, n (%),24 missing | |||||
 Consolidation or mass | 71 (43.8) | 24 (36.9) | 39 (49.4) | 34 (53.1) | 0.176 |
 Ground-glass opacity | 99 (61.1) | 30 (46.2) | 42 (53.2) | 35 (54.7) | 0.004 |
Viral-PCP co-infection | 64 (39.5) | 4 (6.2) | 3 (3.8) | 7 (10.9) | < 0.001 |
Viral-aspergillus co-infection | 16 (9.9) | 9 (13.8) | 12 (15.2) | 15 (23.4) | 0.069 |
Viral-bacteria co-infection | 22 (13.6) | 7 (10.8) | 10 (12.7) | 9 (14.1) | 0.939 |
Viral-atypical co-infection | 6 (3.7) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (3.8) | 1 (1.6) | 0.708 |
Nosocomial bacterial infection | 36 (22.2) | 17 (26.2) | 17 (21.5) | 22 (34.4) | 0.237 |
Complications, n (%) | |||||
 Noninvasive ventilation | 54 (33.3) | 10 (15.4) | 9 (11.4) | 17 (26.6) | 0.001 |
 Invasive mechanical ventilation | 45 (27.8) | 20 (30.8) | 16 (20.3) | 19 (29.7) | 0.462 |
 Respiratory failure | 91 (56.2) | 33 (50.8) | 26 (32.9) | 36 (56.3) | 0.001 |
 ICU care | 89 (54.9) | 22 (33.8) | 19 (24.1) | 26 (40.6) | < 0.001 |
 Septic shock | 40 (24.7) | 17 (26.2) | 14 (17.7) | 20 (31.3) | 0.305 |
 Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 4 (2.5) | 7 (10.8) | 7 (8.9) | 6 (9.4) | 0.268 |
 In-hospital mortality | 50 (30.9) | 14 (21.5) | 12 (15.2) | 22 (34.4) | 0.022a |