Table. 2 Univariate analysis of risk factors for all-cause 30-day mortality
From: Non-fermentative gram-negative bloodstream infection in northern Italy: a multicenter cohort study
TotalN = 355 (%) | SurvivorsN = 293 (%) | Non-survivorsN = 62 (%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age (years) (median, IQR) | 67 (55–79) | 67 (54–78) | 73 (61–84) | 0.016 |
Male sex | 233 (65.6) | 194 (66.2) | 39 (62.9) | 0.66 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Charlson index (median, IQR) | 5.7 (3.6–7.4) | 5.2 (3.5–7.1) | 6.25 (4–9) | 0.034 |
Immunosuppression | 87 (24.5) | 74 (25.3) | 13 (21) | 0.52 |
Ward of admission | 0.22 | |||
Medical | 210 (59.2) | 176 (60.1) | 34 (54.8) | |
ICU | 80 (22.5) | 61 (20.8) | 19 (30.6) | |
Surgical | 65 (18.3) | 56 (19.1) | 9 (14.5) | |
Site of BSI acquisition | 0.078 | |||
Community acquired | 71 (20.0) | 65 (22.2) | 6 (9.7) | |
Healthcare associated | 35 (9.9) | 27 (9.2) | 8 (12.9) | |
Hospital acquired | 249 (70.1) | 201 (68.6) | 48 (77.4) | |
CRE carrier at BSI onset | 44 (12.1) | 35 (11.9) | 9 (14.5) | 0.462 |
Clinical severity at BSI onset | ||||
SOFA (median, IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 4 (3–6) | 0.005 |
Septic shock | 59 (16.6) | 38 (13) | 21 (33.9) | 0.001 |
Source of BSI | ||||
Undefined | 183 (51.5) | 150 (51.2) | 33 (53.2) | 0.782 |
CVC related | 102 (28.7) | 86 (29.4) | 16 (25.8) | 0.645 |
Lower respiratory tract | 49 (13.8) | 39 (13.3) | 10 (16.1) | 0.686 |
Biliary tract | 41 (11.5) | 34 (11.6) | 7 (11.3) | 1 |
Urinary tract | 31 (8.7) | 27 (9.2) | 4 (6.5) | 0.624 |
Intra-abdominal | 18 (5.1) | 16 (5.5) | 2 (3.2) | 0.551 |
Complicated BSI | 38 (10.7) | 27 (12.9) | 11 (21.6) | 0.125 |
Etiology | 0.009 | |||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 258 (72.7) | 222 (75.8) | 36 (58.1) | 0.005 |
Acinetobacter baumannii | 59 (16.6) | 41 (14) | 18 (29) | 0.005 |
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 38 (10.7) | 30 (10.2) | 8 (12.9) | 0.651 |
Resistance phenotypes* | 0.005 | |||
MDR | 34 (9.6) | 22 (8.4) | 12 (22.2) | |
XDR | 58 (16.3) | 46 (17.5) | 12 (22.2) | |
Antibiotic class resistance* | ||||
ECR | 95 (26.7) | 77 (26.3) | 18 (29) | 0.752 |
BL/BLIR | 78 (22) | 55 (18.8) | 23 (37.1) | 0.002 |
CR | 124 (34.9) | 93 (31.7) | 31 (50) | 0.008 |
FQR | 144 (40.6) | 107 (36.5) | 37 (59.7) | 0.001 |
AminoglycosidesR | 98 (27.6) | 69 (26.4) | 29 (51.8) | < 0.001 |
TMP/SMXR | 53 (14.9) | 39 (21.9) | 14 (29.2) | 0.337 |
COLIR | 5 (1.4) | 5 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0.592 |
New definition* | ||||
DTR | 75 (21.1) | 52 (17.7) | 23 (37.1) | 0.001 |
Therapeutic management | ||||
ID consultation | 148 (41.7) | 119 (40.6) | 29 (46.8) | 0.397 |
Source control | 131 (36.9) | 111 (37.9) | 20 (32.3) | 0.470 |
Appropriate empirical therapy | 125 (35.2) | 111 (38.4) | 14 (23.7) | 0.037 |
Combination empirical therapy | 55 (15.5) | 42 (18.9) | 13 (29.5) | 0.152 |
2 In vitro active combination empirical therapy | 16 (4.5) | 16 (12.8) | 0 | 0.223 |
Appropriate definitive therapy | 262 (73.8) | 222 (76.8) | 40 (67.8) | 0.184 |
Combination definitive therapy | 115 (32.4) | 89 (32) | 26 (47.3) | 0.031 |
2 In vitro active combination definitive therapy (with drugs) | 58 (16.3) | 48 (20.7) | 10 (23.8) | 0.682 |