Table 1 Reported cases of endocarditis due to Nocardia species

Allevato et al. [8]

53/M

PAV

RAA

N. asteroides

Streptomycin, tetracycline, vancomycin, sulfonamides

N/A

Died

Antony et al. [9]

74/F

HTN, valvular heart disease, HLD

NMV

N. asteroides

Imipenem, ceftriaxone (6 weeks), TMP-SMX (6 months)

MVR

Survived

Antonovich et al. [10]

83/F

COPD, MVP, breast & endometrial cancer, systemic steroids

NMV

N. asteroides

TMP-SMX

N/A

Survived

Cargill et al. [11]

85/F

Ischemic heart disease, COPD, polymyalgia rheumatic, systemic steroids

NMV

N. cyriacigeorgica

Vancomycin, pip/tazo, imipenem, doxycycline

N/A

Died

Castelli et al. [12]

36/M

Liver transplant

NMV

N. species

Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, TMP-SMX

MVR

(× 2)

Survived

Daikos et al. [13]

61/F

PAV

PAV

N. asteroides

Imipenem/cilastatin, amikacin (2 months),

TMP-SMX (4 months)

N/A

Survived

Dhawan et al. [14]

46/F

N/A

NMV

N. species

PCN, nafcillin, gentamicin, TMP-SMX, imipenem/cilastatin

MVR

Survived

Eigel et al. [15]

61/M

PAV

PAV

N. asteroides

Amikacin, imipenem/cilastatin,

cefotiam (3 weeks)

AVR

Survived

Eigel et al. [15]

65/M

PAV

PAV

N. asteroides

N/A

N/A

Died

Ertl et al. [16]

61/M

PAV

PAV

N. asteroides

Amoxicillin, mezlocillin, tobramycin, sulphadiazine, amikacin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, imipenem (3 weeks), TMP-SMX

AVR

Survived

Falk et al. [17]

64/F

PAV

PAV

N. asteroides

Ampicillin, gentamicin

N/A

Died

Gupta et al. [18]

53/F

History of breast cancer

NAV

N. species

Meropenem, amikacin, TMP-SMX, linezolid

(8 months)

AVR

Survived

Hazim et al. [19]

64/M

Heart transplant, CKD

NTV

N. asteroides

TMP-SMX, imipenem/cilastatin, ceftriaxone, minocycline, linezolid (7 months)

N/A

Survived

Jackson et al. [20]

39/M

Splenectomy, tobacco use, HCV, IVDU

NTV

N. francinia

Meropenem, vancomycin, TMP-SMX

N/A

Lost to follow-up

Kuretski et al. [21]

58/F

History of oral cancer, COPD, PFO repair, tobacco use

NMV

N. farcinica

Ceftriaxone, meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin

MVR

Survived

Majeed et al. [22]

72/M

Lymphoma

NMV

N. kroppenstedtii

Meropenem, TMP-SMX, levofloxacin, linezolid, ceftriaxone, minocycline, ciprofloxacin

N/A

Died

Vlachakis et al. [23]

34/F

PMV, rheumatic heart disease

PMV

N. asteroides

N/A

N/A

Died

Watson et al. [24]

39/M

IVDU

NAV

N. asteroides

Meropenem, ceftriaxone, amikacin, cefpodoxime, TMP-SMX (6 months)

AVR

Survived