Pathogens | Number of cases (%) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real-time PCR detection level Ct < 30 | Real-time PCR detection level Ct < 40 | ||||||||
All pneumonia cases n = 116 | Severe pneumonia n = 85 | Non-severe pneumonia n = 31 | p-value | All pneumonia cases n = 116 | Severe pneumonia n = 85 | Non-severe pneumonia n = 31 | p-value | Ct value, median (severe/non-severe pneumonia) | |
Bacteria | |||||||||
Streptococcus pneumoniae | 61 (53) | 44 (52) | 17 (55) | 0.76 | 111 (96) | 81 (95) | 30 (97) | 0.72 | 30.8/30.4 |
Haemophilus influenzae | 23 (20) | 18 (21) | 5 (16) | 0.54 | 63 (54) | 50 (59) | 13 (42) | 0.10 | 32.2/30.7 |
Bordetella pertussis | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | – | 12 (10) | 9 (11) | 3 (9) | 0.88 | 37.8/39.1 |
Chlamydia pneumoniae | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | 5 (4) | 3 (4) | 2 (6) | 0.49 | 34.7/34.9 |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | 4 (3) | 3 (4) | 1 (3) | 0.93 | 31.5/36.2 |
Any bacteria | 72 (62) | 59 (69) | 13 (42) | 0.008 | 112 (96) | 81 (95) | 30 (97) | 0.72 | – |
Viruses | |||||||||
Rhinovirus | 34 (29) | 27 (32) | 7 (23) | 0.33 | 85(73) | 64(75) | 21(78) | 0.41 | 31.8/32.9 |
Enterovirus | 2 (2) | 1 (1) | 1 (3) | 0.47 | 20 (17) | 16 (19) | 4 (13) | 0.45 | 36.8/34.7 |
Adenovirus | 5 (4) | 4 (5) | 1 (3) | 0.72 | 13 (11) | 9 (11) | 4 (13) | 0.72 | 34.0/– |
Bocavirus | 5 (4) | 4 (5) | 1 (3.2) | 0.72 | 12 (10) | 8 (9) | 4 (12.9) | 0.58 | 31.1/37.2 |
Parainfluenza virus | 3 (3) | 3 (4) | 0 (0) | – | 9 (8) | 9 (11) | 0 (0) | – | 31.5/– |
RSV | 5 (4) | 4 (5) | 1 (3) | 0.72 | 8 (7) | 7 (8) | 1 (3) | 0.36 | 27.9/28.2 |
Coronavirus | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | – | 8 (7) | 6 (7) | 2 (6) | 0.90 | 33.6/34.2 |
Influenza A virus | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | – | 3 (3) | 1 (1) | 2 (6) | 0.15 | – |
Influenza B virus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Human metapneumovirus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | – | – |
Any virus | 53 (47) | 44 (52) | 9 (29) | 0.032 | 106 (91) | 78 (92) | 28 (90) | 0.80 | – |
Any bacteria and virus | 29 (25) | 24 (28) | 5 (16) | 0.18 | 104 (90) | 76 (89) | 28 (90) | 0.88 | – |