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Table 29 Use of antibiotic therapy and relationship to mortality (Multivariate analysis adjusted according to clinical variables)

From: Inadequate use of antibiotics in the covid-19 era: effectiveness of antibiotic therapy

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

p value

Use of antibiotic therapy

1.20 (0.94–1.53)

0.14

Age

1.08 (1.07–1.09)

< 0.001

Smoking status

 Never

–

1 (ref.)

 Former

1.38 (1.19–1.59)

< 0.001

 Current

1.63 (1.21–2.20)

0.001

Fever

 No (< 37 °C)

–

1 (ref.)

 Low-grade fever (37–37.9 °C)

0.98 (0.80–1.20)

0.84

 Fever (> 38 °C)

0.86 (0.72–1.03)

0.10

 Shortness of breath

1.30 (1.13–1.49)

< 0.001

 Oxygen saturation < 90%

2.21 (1.92–2.55)

< 0.001

 Tachypnea

1.93 (1.68–2.21)

< 0.001

 C-reactive protein (mg/L)

1.01 (1.01–1.02)

< 0.001

 Procalcitonin (ng/mL) > 0.15

4.78 (3.81–5.99)

< 0.001

 Use of systemic corticosteroids

1.50 (1.30–1.71)

< 0.001

 Use of tocilizumab

1.90 (1.50–2.40)

< 0.001