Table 3 Comparison of risk factors, general signs and symptoms, RT-PCR results, ICU admission, assisted ventilation, oxygen therapy, and outcomes in COVID-19 patients with GI or respiratory symptoms
Variable | Total | GIA (n = 92) | RA (n = 184) | GIR (n = 151) | WGIR (n = 80) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
General signs and symptoms | ||||||
 Fever | 249 (49.1) | 32 (34.8) | 97 (52.7) | 90 (59.6) | 30 (37.5) | < 0.001 |
 Shivering | 78 (15.4) | 4 (4.3) | 28 (15.2) | 30 (19.9) | 16 (20.0) | 0.007 |
 Headache | 46 (9.1) | 11 (12.0) | 13 (7.1) | 21 (13.9) | 1 (1.3) | 0.007 |
 Dizziness | 20 (3.9) | 5 (5.4) | 4 (2.2) | 10 (6.6) | 1 (1.3) | 0.097†|
 Perspiration | 6 (1.2) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (1.1) | 2 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 1.000†|
 Anosmia/ageusia | 36 (7.1) | 2 (2.2) | 15 (8.2) | 16 (10.6) | 3 (3.8) | 0.049 |
 Muscle pain | 126 (24.9) | 19 (20.7) | 46 (25.0) | 39 (25.8) | 22 (27.5) | 0.741 |
 Joint pain | 28 (5.5) | 3 (3.3) | 13 (7.1) | 11 (7.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0.142 |
 Fatigue | 44 (8.7) | 15 (16.3) | 0 (0) | 29 (19.2) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
 Seizure | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 1 (1.3) | 0.297†|
 Lymphadenopathy | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000†|
 Altered consciousness | 2 (0.4) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.3) | 0.115†|
Risk factors | ||||||
 Recent travel | 9 (1.8) | 1 (1.1) | 3 (1.6) | 2 (1.3) | 3 (3.8) | < 0.001†|
 Animal contact | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | < 0.001†|
 Smoking | 38 (7.5) | 10 (10.9) | 12 (6.50 | 16 (10.6) | 0 (0) | 0.016 |
 Opium use | 15 (3.0) | 5 (5.4) | 2 (1.1) | 8 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 0.015†|
 Alcohol consumption | 3 (0.6) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0.316†|
RT-PCR results | ||||||
 Positive | 371 (73.2) | 27 (29.3) | 184 (100) | 80 (53.0) | 80 (100) | < 0.001 |
 Negative | 136 (26.8) | 65 (70.7) | 0 (0) | 71 (47.0) | 0 (0) |  |
Assisted ventilation | ||||||
 Noninvasive ventilation | 30 (5.9) | 4 (4.3) | 10 (5.4) | 4 (2.6) | 12 (15.0) | 0.002 |
 Invasive ventilation | 45 (8.9) | 9 (9.8) | 16 (8.7) | 8 (5.3) | 12 (15.0) | 0.102 |
Measures during hospitalization | ||||||
 ICU admission | 61 (12.0) | 12 (13.0) | 22 (12.0) | 7 (4.6) | 20 (25.0) | < 0.001 |
 Oxygen therapy | 308 (60.7) | 67 (72.8) | 105 (57.1) | 102 (67.5) | 34 (42.5) | < 0.001 |
Outcome | ||||||
 Death | 57 (11.2) | 13 (14.1) | 20 (10.9) | 9 (6.0) | 15 (18.8) | 0.023 |
 Survival | 450 (88.8) | 79 (85.9) | 164 (89.1) | 142 (94.0) | 65 (81.3) |  |