Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies in this study
Study year | Study design | Country | Sample | Demographics | Comorbidity (%) | ICU (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Con | Dis | Age (Year) | Male (%) | CHD | HF | CKD | Diabetes | COPD | ||||
Cannata et al. 2020 [30] | Prospective single-center observation | Italy | 56 | 117 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Lam et al. 2020 [31] | Retrospective single-center cohort study | America | 164 | 171 | 68 | 56.4 | 24.6 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 45.4 | NA | 19.4 |
Chaudhri et al. 2020 [32] | Retrospective single-center cohort study | America | 49 | 31 | 68.5 | 60.0 | 31.0 | 29.0 | 19.0 | 46.0 | 11.0 | 28.0 |
Soleimani 2020 [33] | Retrospective single center observational study | Iran | 79 | 43 | 68 | 59.0 | NA | NA | 12.3 | 46.7 | NA | NA |
Lahens et al. 2021 [34] | Retrospective single center cohort study | France | 78 | 39 | 65 | 59.0 | 17.0 | 13.0 | 26.0 | 49.0 | 6.0 | 20.5 |
Aparisi et al. 2022 [35] | Retrospective multi-center Non experimental comparative study | Spain | 151 | 159 | 74 | 47.4 | 12.7 | NA | 11.0 | 26.8 | 9.6 | 12.0 |
de Abajo et al. 2021 [36] | Retrospective multi-center cohort study | Spain | 285 | 340 | 74 | 60.6 | 15.8 | 11.0 | 11.5 | 74 | 60.6 | 5.8 |
Sharma et al. 2022 [37] | Prospective multi-center RCT | Canada | 25 | 21 | 71.5 | 56.5 | 32.6 | 10.9 | 19.6 | 43.5 | 4.4 | 6.5 |
Bauer et al. 2021 [38] | Prospective multi-center RCT | Austria and Germany | 100 | 104 | 75 | 63.2 | 22.0 | 9.0 | 18.1 | 32.8 | 15.7 | 23.0 |
Cohen et al. 2021 [39] | Prospective multi-center RCT | America, Canada, Mexico, Sweden, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina | 75 | 77 | 62 | 55.0 | 11.8 | 3.9 | 19.1 | 0.5 | NA | 19.7 |
Lopes et al. 2021 [40] | Pragmatic, registry based, randomized | Brazil | 325 | 334 | 55.1 | 59.6 | 4.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 31.9 | NA | NA |