Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of smear, MODS, MGIT and Xpert (in%) for the diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis

Gold standard 1 = Microbiological confirmation

Per patient analysis (n=73)

Smear

71.0 (22/31) [52.0; 85.8])

N/a

N/a

82.3 (42/51) [69.1; 91.6]

MGIT

96.8 (30/31) [83.3; 99.9]

N/a

N/a

97.7 (42/43) [87.7; 99.9]

MODS

96.8 (30/31) [83.3; 99.9]

97.6 (41/42) [87.4; 99.9]

96.7 (30/31) [83.3; 99.9]

97.6 (41/42) [87.4; 99.9]

Xpert

93.5 (29/31) [78.6; 99.2]

100 (42/42) [91.6; 100.0]

100.0 (29/29) [88.1; 100.0]

95.5 (42/44) [84.5; 99.4]

Per sample analysis (n=178)

Smear

53.8 (42/78) [39.8; 67.9])

N/a

N/a

73.5 (100/136) [63.1; 83.9]

MGIT

92.3 (72/78) [87.4; 97.2]

N/a

N/a

94.3 (100/106) [90.3; 98.4]

MODS

84.6 (66/78) [78.1; 91.1]

99 (99/100) [94.3; 99.9]

98.5 (66/67) [91.6; 99.9]

89.2 (99/111) [83.3; 95.0]

Xpert

79.5 (62/78) [70.6; 88.4])

100 (100/100) [95.7; 100.0]

100 (62/62) [93.3; 100.0]

86.2 (100/116) [78.9; 93.5]

Gold standard 2 = Clinical diagnosis

Per patient analysis (n=73)

Smear

37.9 (22/58) [25.5; 51.6]

N/a

N/a

29.4 (15/51) [17.5; 43.8]

MGIT

51.7 (30/58) [38.2 ; 65.0]

N/a

N/a

34.9 (15/43) [21.0; 50.9]

MODS

51.7 (30/58) [38.2 ; 65.0]

93.3 (14/15) [68.0; 99.8]

96.8 (30/31) [83.3; 99.9]

33.3 (14/42) [19.6; 49.5]

Xpert

50.0 (29/58) [36.6 ; 63.4])

100.0 (15/15) [78.2; 100.0])

100.0 (29/29) [88.0; 100]

34.1 (15/44) [20.5; 49.9]

Per sample analysis (n=178)

Smear

30.0 (42/140) [20.1 ; 39.9]

N/a

N/a

27.9 (38/136) [17.1; 38.8]

MGIT

51.4 (72/140) [40.1; 62.7]

N/a

N/a

35.8 (38/106) [22.8; 48.9]

MODS

47.1 (66/140) [36.5; 57.7]

97.4 (37/38) [86.0; 99.7]

98.5 (66/67) [91.6; 100.0]

33.3 (37/111) [21.0; 45.7]

Xpert

44.3 (62/140) [33.8; 54.8]

100 (38/38) [89.4; 100.0]

100 (62/62) [93.3; 100.0]

32.8 (38/116) [20.6; 44.9]