A prospective observational study of the prevalence and risk factors for colonization by antibiotic resistant bacteria in patients at admission to hospital in Singapore

Table 3 ESBL-E fecal colonization by healthcare contact in the past three months and antibiotic use in the previous month

Sub-group	Number of participants		Prevalence	Odds ratio (95% C.I.)	p-value
Sub-group	ESBL-E colonized	Not colonized	Prevalence	Odds ratio (95% C.I.)	p-value
No healthcare contact or antibiotics	6	95	6.3%
Primary care, no antibiotics	36	452	8.0%	2.90* (1.84 to 4.57)	<0.0001
Primary care and antibiotics	51	221	23.1%	2.90* (1.84 to 4.57)	<0.0001
Outpatient, no antibiotics	24	245	9.8%	1.78* (1.05 to 3.02)	0.033
Outpatient and antibiotics	43	247	17.4%	1.78* (1.05 to 3.02)	0.033
Hospitalization, no antibiotics	10	81	12.3%	2.38* (1.08 to 5.02)	0.032
Hospitalization and antibiotics	25	85	29.4%	2.38* (1.08 to 5.02)	0.032

ISSN: 1471-2334