Level | IV-to-oral antibiotic switch (n = 1425) | Length of IV therapy (n = 1508) | LOS (n = 1542) |
---|---|---|---|
 | OR (95% CI) | β (SE) | β (SE) |
Intercept | – | 5.98 (1.71)*** | 24.72 (2.47)*** |
Patient baseline characteristics | |||
Country (vs Ireland/United Kingdom) | |||
  Austria | 0.17 (0.04–0.76)* | 2.74 (1.49) | 2.48 (2.64) |
  France | 1.44 (0.81–2.57) | 4.24 (0.93)*** | 6.23 (1.66)*** |
  Germany | 0.40 (0.21–0.78)** | 4.16 (0.97)*** | 4.28 (1.74)* |
  Greece | 0.05 (0.01–0.18)*** | 2.53 (1.14)* | 1.25 (2.03) |
  Italy | 0.23 (0.10–0.55)*** | 2.91 (1.04)** | 4.69 (1.87)* |
  Poland | 0.19 (0.04–0.90)* | 7.65 (1.69)*** | 5.97 (2.93)* |
  Portugal | 0.16 (0.06–0.40)*** | 4.41 (1.18)*** | 4.46 (2.12)* |
  Slovakia | 0.67 (0.23–1.93) | 5.29 (1.83)** | 3.32 (3.14) |
  Spain | 0.90 (0.49–1.65) | 3.10 (1.01)** | 5.26 (1.81)** |
IV drug abuse | 0.72 (0.38–1.34) | 2.78 (0.88)** | 4.95 (1.72)** |
CCI (continuous) | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.27 (0.12)* | 0.44 (0.21)* |
Any MRSA colonization before admission | 1.77 (1.13–2.77)* |  |  |
  Not reported/unknown | 1.78 (1.19–2.67)** |  |  |
Infection/treatment characteristics | |||
cSSTI type (vs deep/extensive cellulitis) | |||
  Surgical site infection or posttraumatic wound | 1.26 (0.77–2.07) | −1.39 (0.70)* | −2.07 (1.24) |
cSSTI location (vs torso/abdomen) | |||
  Upper extremity | 1.90 (1.09–3.33)* | −1.62 (0.80)* | −4.97 (1.43)*** |
Hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated infection unknown/undocumented | 0.98 (0.60–1.59) | −2.40 (0.68)*** | −2.21 (1.20) |
Days from admission to cSSTI index date (vs cSSTI at admission) | |||
  ≥4 days after admission |  | 1.13 (0.64) | 5.57 (1.13)*** |
MRSA-targeted therapy patterns (vs IV-only) | |||
  IV-to-oral antibiotic switch | – | −5.19 (0.74)*** | −1.86 (1.32) |
  Discharged on OPAT | – | −2.64 (1.59) | −6.92 (2.85)* |
  No MRSA-active antibiotic | – | – | −7.52 (2.98)* |
Initial antibiotic therapy was MRSA active (vs was not MRSA active) | 0.41 (0.24 - 0.70)** | 5.84 (1.01)*** | Â |
Time to initiating MRSA-active therapy (vs on or before cSSTI index date) | |||
  1–2 days post cSSTI index date |  | −1.34 (0.39)*** | −2.03 (0.66)** |
   ≥3 days post cSSTI index date |  | 2.20 (0.53)*** | 4.18 (0.80)*** |
Physician specialty (vs GP)a | |||
  IM | 2.26 (1.43–3.56)*** | 1.18 (0.64) | 2.86 (1.13)* |
  Infectious disease | 3.01 (1.88–4.82)*** | 2.39 (0.73)** | 1.28 (1.30) |
  Surgeon | 1.31 (0.70–2.45) | 2.73 (0.87)** | 5.78 (1.55)*** |
Any surgical procedures for cSSTI | 1.46 (1.00–2.12)* | 0.81 (0.54) | 1.80 (0.96) |
Complications | |||
Severe sepsis | Â | 1.93 (0.32)*** | 2.32 (0.59)*** |
Superinfection | Â | Â | 3.32 (0.95)*** |
Developed IV line infection | Â | Â | Â |
Hospital characteristics | |||
Overall hospital beds (vs ≥1000) | |||
  10–249 | 2.37 (1.45–3.88)*** | −2.17 (0.77)** | −2.17 (1.37) |
Hospital had an IV-to-oral antibiotic switch protocol |  | 0.88 (0.61) | −2.13 (1.08)* |