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Table 2 Excess risks of mortality per IQR increase of influenza virus activity during four seasons

From: Seasonal effects of influenza on mortality in a subtropical city

Disease

lag

Total

Autumn

Winter

Spring

Summer

p value ‡

All-cause

       

   all ages

1

3.5

(2.4,4.6)

-0.9

(-5.6,4.2)

3.9

(2.6,5.3)

3.9

(2.5,5.3)

2.3

(0.3,4.3)

<0.001

   65+

1

4.3

(3.0,5.6)

-1.4

(-7.0,4.5)

4.5

(3.0,6.1)

4.5

(2.9,6.1)

3.8

(1.4,6.3)

0.005

CRD

       

   all ages

2

6.5

(4.8,8.2)

-1.2

(-7.4,5.4)

8.0

(5.8,10.2)

6.5

(4.5,8.6)

3.6

(0.4,7.0)

<0.001

   65+

1

6.7

(4.9,8.5)

-2.0

(-10.0,6.8)

7.3

(5.2,9.6)

7.0

(4.7,9.4)

5.0

(1.5,8.5)

<0.001

P&I

       

   all ages

1

4.2

(1.5,6.9)

1.0

(-11.9,15.8)

4.2

(0.9,7.7)

3.0

(-0.5,6.5)

5.8

(0.8,11.0)

0.224

   65+

1

4.3

(1.6,7.1)

0.6

(-12.6,15.8)

4.1

(0.7,7.6)

2.8

(-0.7,6.4)

6.7

(1.6,12.1)

0.156

COPD

       

   all ages

2

14.9

(11.0,19.0)

-7.0

(-20.3,8.5)

18.8

(13.8,24.1)

14.3

(9.6,19.2)

9.4

(1.8,17.6)

<0.001

   65+

2

13.7

(9.7,17.9)

-9.0

(-22.6,6.9)

17.0

(11.9,22.3)

13.1

(8.3,18.1)

9.7

(1.7,18.3)

<0.001

Cerebrovascular

       

   all ages

1

6.3

(3.2,9.5)

-1.9

(-14.9,13.2)

5.5

(1.9,9.3)

8.3

(4.3,12.4)

6.1

(0.0,12.5)

0.001

   65+

1

7.3

(3.9,10.9)

-3.8

(-17.9,12.7)

6.2

(2.2,10.4)

10.4

(5.9,15.0)

6.6

(-0.1,13.8)

0.001

IHD

       

   all ages

0

6.0

(3.5,8.6)

0.9

(-12.3,16.2)

6.3

(3.4,9.3)

6.7

(3.3,10.2)

4.4

(-0.3,9.3)

0.021

   65+

0

5.6

(2.9,8.3)

-2.9

(-16.7,13.2)

5.8

(2.7,9.1)

5.9

(2.3,9.7)

4.4

(-0.7,9.8)

0.015

  1. The 95% confidence intervals of excess risks are shown in brackets.
  2. ‡ p value of likelihood ratio tests, indicating significance of seasonal variation