Table 1 Study participant characteristics
Characteristic | Number |
|---|---|
Number | 176 |
Age in years: median (range) | 30 (15–73) |
Male: no. (%) | 104 (59.1%) |
Nationality: no. (%) | Â |
Malaysian | 117 (66.5%)* |
Indigenous | 106 (60.2%) |
Chinese | 10 (5.7%) |
Indian | 1 (0.6%) |
Filipino | 53 (30.1%) |
Indonesian | 6 (3.4%) |
Co-morbidities: no. (%) | Â |
Diabetes | 12 (6.8%) |
Hypertension | 9 (5.1%) |
Asthma | 6 (3.4%) |
HIV | 3 (1.7%) |
Hepatitis B | 2 (1.1%) |
Chronic renal disease | 1 (0.6%) |
Cardiovascular disease | 1 (0.6%) |
Smoking status: | Â |
Current smoker | 40 (22.7%) |
Ex-smoker | 50 (28.4%) |
Non-smoker | 86 (48.9%) |
When smoking ceased: median no. months ago (IQR) | 3.5 (2–24) |
Past TB | 13 (7.4%) |
Radiological severity: | Â |
Cavitary disease | 51/145 (64.8%) |
Score: mean (standard deviation) | 69.4 (34.9) |
Smear grade: no. (%) | Â |
Scanty | 27 (17.0%) |
1+ | 46 (28.9%) |
2+ | 40 (25.2%) |
3+ | 46 (28.9%) |
BMI (kg/m2): mean (range) †| 18.1 (10.0-31.1) |
Haemoptysis: no. (%) | 81 (46.0%) |
Reported symptom duration in weeks: median (range) †| 8 (1–52) |